LCMS Detection and Characterization of In Vitro Metabolites of Isotonitazene, a Targeted Strategy for Novel Psychoactive Substance Control in Camel Racing.

Rationale: The use of benzimidazole-class novel psychoactive substances has significantly increased worldwide raising concerns about potential misuse and doping in animal sports such as camel racing. Understanding the metabolism of these substances is critical for developing reliable detection methods to ensure fair competition and animal welfare.

Methods: In vitro studies were conducted using homogenized camel liver samples to replicate metabolic processes.

Comprehensive metabolite profiling of trimetazidine in camels using high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry: Implications for doping control.

Rationale: Trimetazidine and its metabolites are prohibited substances in sports. With a growing number of adverse findings in human athletes, it is crucial to develop doping control strategies that include screening for trimetazidine in animal sports. This study aims to detect and characterize trimetazidine and its metabolites for doping control in camel racing.