[The age-related characteristics of the psychophysiological indices of sailors].

A study made during a long-continued voyage discloses some of the cause-effect connections in social and psychological, social and economic, physiological and hygienic factors. A particular feature of the present paper is the study of the above-named factors in age- and occupation-related aspects. The following factors were found out to have a negative effect on ship personnel (in a decreasing rank order): sailing for more than 6 months, continence, vibration, air temperature, noise, a chemical factor, ship diet, atmospheric moisture, and air motion.

Current issues in seamen's labour intensity (a review of Soviet literature).

In view of the changing nature of seamen's labour over the last decades, a decrease in the proportion of manual work and increasing levels of operator activities, the evaluation of the intensity of labour among maritime and riverine ship crews becomes an important criterion of regulating labour regimens and adopting measures aimed at enhancing work ability as well as diminishing fatigue and morbidity rates. The methodological approaches valid in other branches of the national econom cannot be fully utilized for the assessment of seamen's labour intensity. The author summs up published data on the optimization of labour intensity (introduction of prolonged regimens of work on board a ship and rest ashore, employment of physical factors, medical drugs, psychological relaxation etc.