1,25-dihydroxyvitamin-D distinctly impacts the paracrine and cell-to-cell contact interactions between hPDL-MSCs and CD4 T lymphocytes.

Introduction: Human periodontal ligament-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hPDL-MSCs) possess a strong ability to modulate the immune response, executed via cytokine-boosted paracrine and direct cell-to-cell contact mechanisms. This reciprocal interaction between immune cells and hPDL-MSCs is influenced by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin-D (1,25(OH)D). In this study, the participation of different immunomodulatory mechanisms on the hPDL-MSCs-based effects of 1,25(OH)D on CD4 T lymphocytes will be elucidated using different co-culture models with various cytokine milieus.

Heterogeneity in Dental Tissue-Derived MSCs Revealed by Single-Cell RNA-seq.

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent, progenitor cells that reside in tissues across the human body, including the periodontal ligament (PDL) and gingiva. They are a promising therapeutic tool for various degenerative and inflammatory diseases. However, different heterogeneity levels caused by tissue-to-tissue and donor-to-donor variability, and even intercellular differences within a given MSCs population, restrict their therapeutic potential.

Investigating the role of a HtrA protease in host protein degradation and inflammatory response.

Introduction: Degradation of host proteins by bacterial proteases leads to the subversion of the host response and disruption of oral epithelial integrity, which is considered an essential factor in the progression of periodontitis. High-temperature requirement A (HtrA) protease, which is critical for bacterial survival and environmental adaptation, is found in several oral bacteria, including the periodontal pathogen . This study investigated the proteolytic activity of HtrA from and its ability to modulate the host response.

The intriguing strategies of host interaction.

, a member of the "red complex" bacteria implicated in severe periodontitis, employs various survival strategies and virulence factors to interact with the host. It thrives as a late colonizer in the oral biofilm, relying on its unique adaptation mechanisms for persistence. Essential to its survival are the type 9 protein secretion system and -glycosylation of proteins, crucial for host interaction and immune evasion.

Paracrine- and cell-contact-mediated immunomodulatory effects of human periodontal ligament-derived mesenchymal stromal cells on CD4 T lymphocytes.

Background: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from the periodontal ligament (hPDL-MSCs) have a high therapeutic potential, presumably due to their immunomodulatory properties. The interaction between hPDL-MSCs and immune cells is reciprocal and executed by diverse cytokine-triggered paracrine and direct cell-to-cell contact mechanisms. For the first time, this study aimed to directly compare the contribution of various mechanisms on this reciprocal interaction using different in vitro co-culture models at different inflammatory milieus.