Transition transferases prime bacterial capsule polymerization.

Capsules are long-chain carbohydrate polymers that envelop the surfaces of many bacteria, protecting them from host immune responses. Capsule biosynthesis enzymes are potential drug targets and valuable biotechnological tools for generating vaccine antigens. Despite their importance, it remains unknown how structurally variable capsule polymers of Gram-negative pathogens are linked to the conserved glycolipid anchoring these virulence factors to the bacterial membrane.

Effect of image resolution on automated classification of chest X-rays.

Purpose: Deep learning (DL) models have received much attention lately for their ability to achieve expert-level performance on the accurate automated analysis of chest X-rays (CXRs). Recently available public CXR datasets include high resolution images, but state-of-the-art models are trained on reduced size images due to limitations on graphics processing unit memory and training time. As computing hardware continues to advance, it has become feasible to train deep convolutional neural networks on high-resolution images without sacrificing detail by downscaling.

The Role of SnO Processing on Ionic Distribution in Double-Cation-Double Halide Perovskites.

Moving toward a future of efficient, accessible, and less carbon-reliant energy devices has been at the forefront of energy research innovations for the past 30 years. Metal-halide perovskite (MHP) thin films have gained significant attention due to their flexibility of device applications and tunable capabilities for improving power conversion efficiency. Serving as a gateway to optimize device performance, consideration must be given to chemical synthesis processing techniques.

Identification of a second glycoform of the clinically prevalent O1 antigen from .

Carbapenemase and extended β-lactamase-producing isolates represent a major health threat, stimulating increasing interest in immunotherapeutic approaches for combating infections. Lipopolysaccharide O antigen polysaccharides offer viable targets for immunotherapeutic development, and several studies have described protection with O-specific antibodies in animal models of infection. O1 antigen is produced by almost half of clinical isolates.

Localization of C Cycle Enzymes in Arable and Forest Phaeozems within Levels of Soil Microstructure.

Soil microbial and enzyme activities are closely related to the spatial variability of soil environmental conditions at the microscale (μm-mm). The origin and localization of the enzymes are somewhat neglected when the measured activity is used to evaluate specific soil functions. The activity of four hydrolytic enzymes (-glucosidase, Cellobiohydrolase, Chitinase, Xylanase) and microbial diversity based on community-level physiological profiling were determined in samples of arable and native Phaeozems with increasing physical impact to soil solids.