2-Cyanopropan-2-yl versus 1-Cyanocyclohex-1-yl Leaving Group: Comparing Reactivities of Symmetrical Trithiocarbonates in RAFT Polymerization.

This study introduces bis(1-cyanocyclohex-1-yl)trithiocarbonate (TTC-bCCH) as a novel trithiocarbonate chain transfer agent and compares its reactivity with the previously described bis(2-cyanopropan-2-yl)trithiocarbonate (TTC-bCP) for the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of styrene (St), n-butyl acrylate (nBA), and methyl methacrylate (MMA). Significant findings include the effective control of M and low dispersities from the onset of polymerization of St and nBA showing swift addition-fragmentation kinetics, leading to similar behaviors between the two RAFT agents. In contrast, a fourfold decrease of the chain transfer constant to MMA is established for TTC-bCCH over TTC-bCP.

1,1'- Thiocarbonyldiimidazole Radical Copolymerization for the Preparation of Degradable Vinyl Polymers.

1,1'-Thiocarbonyldiimidazole (TCDI) readily undergoes radical copolymerization with -butyl acrylate (BA), ,-dimethylacrylamide, and styrene. H NMR monitoring of the comonomer reactivity revealed a notable compatibility between TCDI and comonomers, resulting in similar consumption rates when TCDI was introduced at a 10% feed ratio. Furthermore, trithiocarbonate-mediated RAFT copolymerization of TCDI with BA gave polymers that exhibited a linear increase of molar mass ( = 2-10 kg mol) with conversion with relatively low dispersities (1.

SWEET transporters of Medicago lupulina in the arbuscular-mycorrhizal system in the presence of medium level of available phosphorus.

Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungi receive photosynthetic products and sugars from plants in exchange for contributing to the uptake of minerals, especially phosphorus, from the soil. The identification of genes controlling AM symbiotic efficiency may have practical application in the creation of highly productive plant-microbe systems. The aim of our work was to evaluate the expression levels of SWEET sugar transporter genes, the only family in which sugar transporters specific to AM symbiosis can be detected.

Azo-Derived Symmetrical Trithiocarbonate for Unprecedented RAFT Control.

Bis(2-cyanopropan-2-yl)trithiocarbonate () is a new symmetrical trithiocarbonate with the best leaving group ever reported for reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. We propose an elegant route to obtain starting from 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) (AIBN) as a donor of the 2-cyanopropan-2-yl group. allowed the preparation of a high-molar-mass ( ≈ 135 kg mol) methyl methacrylate--butyl acrylate-methyl methacrylate triblock copolymer with unprecedented control ( = 1.

Rosin Derivatives as a Platform for the Antiviral Drug Design.

The increased complexity due to the emergence and rapid spread of new viral infections prompts researchers to search for potential antiviral and protective agents for mucous membranes among various natural objects, for example, plant raw materials, their individual components, as well as the products of their chemical modification. Due to their structure, resin acids are valuable raw materials of natural origin to synthesize various bioactive substances. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to confirm the possibility of using resin acid derivatives for the drug design.