SEVERE PAIN AND SUFFERING AS EFFECTS OF TORTURE: DETECTION IN MEDICAL AND LEGAL PRACTICE.

The aim of the study is to identify the features and to determine the relationship between medical and legal (investigative & judicial) practice on detection of the torture effects. It is emphasized that the paper is a continuation of the thesis study on the criminal law problems of torture, which were prepared by the Department of Criminal Law No. 1, Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University, Kharkiv, Ukraine.

[MEDICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS IN PROOF OF RAPES].

The purpose of the study is to analyze new edition of the article 152 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine «Rape», which was adopted with the aim of implementing the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence. The analysis was carried out in terms of the possibility of implementing legal definitions in evidence, taking into account the fundamental medical scientific provisions related to sexual relations. The authors, taking into account the study of more than 100 sentences handed down by the courts of Ukraine in 2010-2018 in criminal cases of rape from the point of view of using medical knowledge in evidence, found a significant change in the objective side of rape, which affected the subject of evidence in criminal proceedings.