The effects of soman poisoning in combination with hypovolemic shock.

Hemorrhage is a cause of death in both combat and civilian injuries. The specific objectives of this research were: (1) to determine the pathophysiologic effects of combined injuries from sublethal amounts of an organophosphate (soman) along with hypovolemic shock, and (2) to determine the efficacy of atropine sulfate and pralidoxime (2-PAM) therapy for organophosphate poisoning when combined injuries occur. Four groups of six beagle dogs/group were used: Group V/H, vehicle administration followed by hemorrhage; Group S/H, soman administration followed by hemorrhage; Group S/A/H, soman followed by antidote (atropine and 2-PAM) and then hemorrhage; and Group S, soman only.

Endotoxin-induced hemodynamic and prostaglandin changes in ponies: effects of flunixin meglumine, dexamethasone, and prednisolone.

Shock was induced in four groups of anesthetized ponies with an intravenous injection of Escherichia coli endotoxin [125 micrograms/kg]. Five minutes after endotoxin injection, the ponies were given no treatment (group A), flunixin meglumine (FM:1.1 mg/kg) (group B), dexamethasone (2 mg/kg) (group C), or prednisolone (10 mg/kg) (group D).

Improvement in glucose tolerance of diabetic dogs after implantation of neonatal pancreatic fragments.

Minced neonatal pancreatic tissue from 3-6 canine littermates was placed in the peritoneal cavity of five alloxan diabetic dogs without separation of endocrine and exocrine tissue. Fasting blood glucose levels declined from a preimplant level of 211 +/- 57 mg/dl to 111 +/- 6 mg/dl. The maximum blood glucose following a glucose challenge declined from 387 +/- 26 mg/dl to 175 +/- 37 mg/dl.

Effects of flunixin meglumine on blood pressure and fluid compartment volume changes in ponies given endotoxin.

A study was conducted to determine whether body fluids undergo a net shift from one compartment to another during endotoxin-induced shock in the pony, and whether flunixin meglumine alters these endotoxin-induced changes in the volumes of body fluid compartments. Total blood, RBC, and plasma volumes were determined, using 51Cr-labeled RBC and PCV that were corrected for trapped plasma. Total body water was measured by distribution of 3HOH.

Endotoxin-induced hemodynamic changes in dogs: role of thromboxane and prostaglandin I2.

Plasma concentrations of thromboxane and prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) before and after IV injection of endotoxin and resulting hemodynamic changes were evaluated. Effects of flunixin meglumine on plasma concentrations of these prostaglandins and the related hemodynamic changes were also determined. Shock was induced in 2 groups of anesthetized dogs.