Rapid vibrational imaging with sum frequency generation microscopy.

We demonstrate rapid vibrational imaging based on sum frequency generation (SFG) microscopy with a collinear excitation geometry. Using the tunable picosecond pulses from a high-repetition-rate optical parametric oscillator, vibrationally selective imaging of collagen fibers is achieved with submicrometer lateral resolution. We furthermore show simultaneous SFG and second harmonic generation imaging to emphasize the compatibility of the microscope with other nonlinear optical modalities.

A whole-body model to distinguish excess fluid from the hydration of major body tissues.

Background: Excess fluid (ExF) accumulates in the body in many conditions. Currently, there is no consensus regarding methods that adequately distinguish ExF from fat-free mass.

Objective: The aim was to develop a model to determine fixed hydration constants of primary body tissues enabling ExF to be calculated from whole-body measurements of weight, intracellular water (ICWWB), and extracellular water (ECWWB).

Influence of methods used in body composition analysis on the prediction of resting energy expenditure.

Objective: There are considerable differences in published prediction algorithms for resting energy expenditure (REE) based on fat-free mass (FFM). The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of the methodology of body composition analysis on the prediction of REE from FFM.

Design: In a cross-sectional design measurements of REE and body composition were performed.

Common familial influences on clustering of metabolic syndrome traits with central obesity and insulin resistance: the Kiel obesity prevention study.

Objective: The phenotypic heterogeneity of metabolic syndrome (MSX) suggests heterogeneity of the underlying genotype. The aim of the present study was to examine the common genetic background that contributes to the clustering between the two main features (insulin resistance, central obesity) and different MSX component traits.

Methods: In all, 492 individuals from 90 families were investigated in a three-generation family path study as part of the Kiel Obesity Prevention Study (KOPS, 162 grandparents, 66.

Body fluid volume determination via body composition spectroscopy in health and disease.

The assessment of extra-, intracellular and total body water (ECW, ICW, TBW) is important in many clinical situations. Bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) has advantages over dilution methods in terms of usability and reproducibility, but a careful analysis reveals systematic deviations in extremes of body composition and morbid states. Recent publications stress the need to set up and validate BIS equations in a wide variety of healthy subjects and patients with fluid imbalance.