[Antiviral activity in vitro and pharmacokinetics of HCV entry inhibitor AVR560].

Several novel compounds were found to be potent inhibitors of the HCV (JFH-1 isolate) infection in vitro. Human serum did not significantly reduce antiviral activity of the lead compound, AVR560 (< 4-fold). The immunohistochemistry studies with the Huh7 cell line, infectable with the HCV (JFH-1 strain), demonstrated that AVR560 inhibited the early steps of viral infection and blocked the spread of the HCV infection in tissue culture.

[Preclinical study of AV0012 early stage inhibitor of hepatitis C virus infection: I. In vitro ADME and pharmacokinetics].

In vitro immunohistochemical investigations on the human hepatoma cell line (Huh7) infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) strain JFH-1 showed that AV0012 compound blocks the early stages of viral infection. AV0012 also blocked viral infection spread in tissue culture through the secreted virus and through tight cell-to-cell contact. AV0012 is a specific inhibitor of HCV but not of related pestivirus, flaviviruses and other RNA-containing viruses such as bovine diarrhea (BVDV), Venezuelan equine encephalitis (strain TC-83), dengue type 2 (New Guinea), yellow fever (strain 17D), west Nile fever, parainfluenza (type 3) virus, RSV (strain A2), and Rhinovirus (type 2 strain HGP).

[Preclinical study of the new anti-influenza drug candidate AV0038 (ethyl 2-(dimethylaminomethyl)-5-hydroxy-1-methyl-6-(pyridin-3-yl)-1H-indole-3-carboxylate)].

In the framework of preclinical testing of AV0038, ethyl 2-(dimethylaminomethyl)-5-hydroxy-1-methyl-6-(pyridin-3-yl)-1H-indole-3-carboxylate, which showed high efficiency in the prevention and treatment of influenza A/Aichi/2/69 (H3N2) in mice, we have studied the drug solubility and stability in aqueous solutions, metabolic stability in human liver microsomes, stability in blood plasma of mice and humans, binding to plasma proteins of mice and humans, pharmacokinetics and bioavailability in mice, and the acute toxicity and the maximum tolerated dose. It is established that AV0038 has attractive pharmacological properties as anti-influenza drug candidate. The therapeutic doses of AV0038 do not cause acute toxicity in mice.

[Preclinical study of safety of the new pharmacological substance AV0012 to treat hepatitis C].

Pharmacological safety of a new type of HCV inhibitor, AV0012, was studied including acute, subchronic and chronic toxicity in mice, rats and monkeys. Genotoxicity was assessed using the Ames test and the chromosomal aberrations assay in the bone marrow cells of mice. It is established that AV0012 has low toxicity in SHK line mice, Wistar line rats, and monkey of Rhesus macaques species.

[Substituted 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-gamma-carbolines: new antagonists of histamine H1 receptors].

The properties of 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-gamma-carbolines containing acid, ether, and amido-substituents, were assessed as potential antagonists of histamine H1 receptors (H1R), capable of blocking histamine-induced calcium fluxes in SK-N-SH cells. The structure--activity relationship for their antagonistic activity is discussed. Among the gamma-carbolines used in the study, the antihistamine activity considerably depends on the nature of substituents in positions 2, 5, and 8 of the heterocycle.