The Non-Linear Profile of Aging: U-Shaped Expression of Myostatin, Follistatin and Intermediate Signals in a Longitudinal In Vitro Murine Cell Sarcopenia Model.

Sarcopenia is linked to the decline in muscle mass, strength and function during aging. It affects the quality and life expectancy and can lead to dependence. The biological process underlying sarcopenia is unclear, but the proteins myostatin and follistatin are involved in the balance between muscle breakdown and synthesis.

Experimental models as a tool for research on sarcopenia: A narrative review.

Sarcopenia is a musculoskeletal disorder related to muscle mass and function; as the worldwide population ages, its growing prevalence means a decline in quality of life and an increased burden for public health systems. As sarcopenia is a reversible condition, its early diagnosis is of utmost importance. Consensus definitions and diagnosis protocols for sarcopenia have been evolving for a long time, and the identification of molecular pathways subjacent to sarcopenia is a growing research area.

What Are the Roles of Proprotein Convertases in the Immune Escape of Tumors?

Protein convertases (PCs) play a significant role in post-translational procedures by transforming inactive precursor proteins into their active forms. The role of PCs is crucial for cellular homeostasis because they are involved in cell signaling. They have also been described in many diseases such as Alzheimer's and cancer.

GeromiRs Are Downregulated in the Tumor Microenvironment during Colon Cancer Colonization of the Liver in a Murine Metastasis Model.

Cancer is a phenomenon broadly related to ageing in various ways such as cell cycle deregulation, metabolic defects or telomerases dysfunction as principal processes. Although the tumor cell is the main actor in cancer progression, it is not the only element of the disease. Cells and the matrix surrounding the tumor, called the tumor microenvironment (TME), play key roles in cancer progression.

Is There Such a Thing as a Genuine Cancer Stem Cell Marker? Perspectives from the Gut, the Brain and the Dental Pulp.

The conversion of healthy stem cells into cancer stem cells (CSCs) is believed to underlie tumor relapse after surgical removal and fuel tumor growth and invasiveness. CSCs often arise from the malignant transformation of resident multipotent stem cells, which are present in most human tissues. Some organs, such as the gut and the brain, can give rise to very aggressive types of cancers, contrary to the dental pulp, which is a tissue with a very remarkable resistance to oncogenesis.