3D ultrasound-augmented image guidance for surgery of high-grade gliomas - A quantitative analysis focused on the extent of resection.

Background: We have retrospectively reviewed our series of brain tumor patients operated on using 3D IntraOperative UltraSound (IOUS) to report technical advantages and areas of improvement.

Methods: Clinical and radiological data of patients with a diagnosis of high-grade glioma IV operated with and without IOUS were retrieved and analyzed.

Results: We have found 391 patients operated using IOUS coupled with neuronavigation and 257 using neuronavigation standalone.

Microplastics in the Olfactory Bulb of the Human Brain.

Importance: Microplastic (MP) pollution is an emerging environmental and health concern. While MPs have been detected in various human tissues, their presence in the human brain has not been documented, raising important questions about potential neurotoxic effects and the mechanisms by which MPs might reach brain tissues.

Objective: To determine the presence of MPs in the human olfactory bulb and to analyze their characteristics such as size, morphology, color, and polymeric composition.

Variation in bovine milk stability according to lactational stage and genetic group.

We address the hypothesis that at early and late lactation milk presents low ethanol stability due to high acidity and ionic calcium values. Our aim was to evaluate the functional traits of milk (milk ethanol stability: MES, acidity and ionic calcium: iCa) according to lactation stage in different genetic groups. Raw milk samples were collected from Jersey ( = 271), Holstein ( = 248) and Jersey × Holstein crossbred cows ( = 82), raised on five commercial farms located in the state of Paraná, Brazil.

Diverse bacterial consortia: key drivers of rhizosoil fertility modulating microbiome functions, plant physiology, nutrition, and soybean grain yield.

Soybean cultivation in tropical regions relies on symbioses with nitrogen-fixing Bradyrhizobium and plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPBs), reducing environmental impacts of N fertilizers and pesticides. We evaluate the effects of soybean inoculation with different bacterial consortia combined with PGPBs or microbial secondary metabolites (MSMs) on rhizosoil chemistry, plant physiology, plant nutrition, grain yield, and rhizosphere microbial functions under field conditions over three growing seasons with four treatments: standard inoculation of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens consortium (SI); SI plus foliar spraying with Bacillus subtilis (SI + Bs); SI plus foliar spraying with Azospirillum brasilense (SI + Az); and SI plus seed application of MSMs enriched in lipo-chitooligosaccharides extracted from B. diazoefficiens and Rhizobium tropici (SI + MSM).