Publications by authors named "O Clay"
Objectives: Caring for an individual with cognitive impairment carries a physical, mental, and emotional toll. This manuscript examines the relationship between caregiver psychosocial measures and longitudinal cognitive outcomes of stroke survivors, as well as analyzing the psychosocial factors as moderators of stroke severity and cognition.
Methods: This analysis was conducted on caregiver and stroke survivor dyads (n = 157) that participated in the Caring for Adults Recovering from the Effects of Stroke (CARES) project, an ancillary study of the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) national cohort study.
Objectives: Social and structural determinants of health (SSDoH) have been linked to racial disparities in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). Research has established that living in an environment with greater economic stability (ES) or healthcare access (HCA) is associated with better baseline cognition, but the interactive effects between these distinct SSDoH on cognition over time have not been studied. Therefore, the present study examined the independent and interactive effects of ES and HCA on 10-year change in cognitive functioning within a large sample of racially diverse community-dwelling older adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLongitudinal associations of life space mobility and domain-specific cognitive measures in ACTIVE.
Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn
October 2024
Article Synopsis
- The study explored how life space mobility (LSM) at the beginning affects cognitive performance in memory, reasoning, and processing speed in older adults over a decade.
- It involved 2,690 participants from the ACTIVE Study, primarily older women with an average age of 73.0, and used various linear mixed-effects models to analyze the data.
- While initial results suggested that higher baseline LSM correlated with better cognitive performance, these associations weakened when accounting for other factors, indicating that LSM impacts cognitive scores but not the overall rate of cognitive decline significantly.
A developmental milestone that both contributes to and facilitates a successful transition into adulthood is the ability to drive. Yet only one in three autistic adolescents successfully obtain a driver's license by age 21 compared to over three-fourths of non-autistic adolescents. Of those who receive their license, there is inconsistency in driving attitudes, experiences and skills.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study explores the relationship between social determinants of health (SDoH) and cardiometabolic diseases, highlighting that these health disparities often result from multiple interconnected factors.
- The researchers analyzed data from 2380 patients to identify SDoH phenotypes based on individual and neighborhood data, ultimately classifying them into three categories: high social risk, adverse neighborhood SDoH, and low social risk.
- Results showed that patients in the adverse neighborhood SDoH group had a significantly higher prevalence of conditions such as type 2 diabetes and hypertension compared to those in lower-risk groups.