Venous thromboembolism in pregnant obese Individuals.

Venous thrombosis and thromboembolism (VTE) remain the leading cause of direct maternal deaths, occurring within 42 days of the end of pregnancy in the UK. Pregnancy is associated with an overall 10-fold higher incidence of VTE than in the non-pregnant state and has been reported to reach up to 30-fold higher in the puerperium. This increased risk is further exacerbated by maternal obesity in a relationship that appears to be proportional with increasing Body Mass Index (BMI).

Managing Labour in Women with COVID-19.

Since first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, COVID-19 caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Corona virus2 (SARS CoV-2) quickly spread to become a pandemic that has caused significant morbidity and mortality. The rapidity of the spread of the virus and the high mortality at the outset threatened to overwhelm health systems worldwide, and, indeed, this significantly impacted maternal health, especially since there was minimal experience to draw from. Experience with Covid 19 has grown exponentially as the unique needs of pregnant and labouring women with COVID-19 infection have become more evident.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) in pregnancy - An update.

Human papilloma viruses (HPV) are small epitheliotropic DNA viruses, of which there are 200 genotypes, 40 of which are known to cause genital infections and are also oncogenic. HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection. Clinical features vary from asymptomatic (identified at routine cervical cancer screening) to large lesions on the vulva, vagina, cervix and some extragenital sites.