The new Austrian indoor radon survey (ÖNRAP 2, 2013-2019): Design, implementation, results.

The delineation of radon prone areas is one of the central requirements of the European Council Directive 2013/59/EURATOM. It is quite a complex task which usually requires the collection of radon data through an appropriate survey as a first step. This paper presents the design and methodology of the recent Austrian radon survey (ÖNRAP 2, 2013-2019) and its implementation.

Good farming practices in apiculture.

Modern European beekeeping is facing numerous challenges due to a variety of factors, mainly related to globalisation, agrochemical pollution and environmental changes. In addition to this, new pathogens threaten the health of European honey bees. In that context, correct colony management should encompass a wider vision, where productivity aspects are linked to a One Health approach in order to protect honey bees, humans and the environment.

Biosecurity measures in European beekeeping.

Emerging pathogens of honey bees represent an important threat to the development of the beekeeping sector. The implementation of biosecurity measures in beekeeping (BMBs) plays an essential role in supporting honey bee health within the beekeeping sector. A group of experts, in collaboration with the BPRACTICES (Grant Agreement No.

Cohesin diversity revealed by the crystal structure of the anchoring cohesin from Ruminococcus flavefaciens.

The cellulosome is an intriguing multienzyme complex found in cellulolytic bacteria that plays a key role in the degradation of plant cell-wall polysaccharides. In Ruminococcus flavefaciens, a predominant fiber-degrading bacterium found in ruminants, the cellulosome is anchored to the bacterial cell wall through a relatively short ScaE scaffoldin. Determination of the crystal structure of the lone type-III ScaE cohesin from R.

Intermodular linker flexibility revealed from crystal structures of adjacent cellulosomal cohesins of Acetivibrio cellulolyticus.

Cellulosome complexes comprise an intercalated set of multimodular dockerin-containing enzymatic subunits connected to cohesin-containing nonenzymatic subunits called scaffoldins. The adjoining modules in each cellulosomal subunit are interconnected by a variety of linker segments of different lengths and composition. The exact role of the cellulosomal linkers has yet to be described, although it is assumed that they contribute to the architecture and action of the cellulosome by providing the protein subunits with flexibility and by providing spacers between the enzymatic modules that could enhance interactions with the cellulose substrate.