Immunological and virological outcomes in children on lamivudine monotherapy: A South African public sector experience.

In resource-limited settings, holding regimens such as lamivudine monotherapy (LAM) have been used to manage HIV-positive children failing combination antiretroviral therapy to mitigate the risk of drug resistance developing, while adherence barriers are addressed or when access to second- or third-line regimens is restricted. South African HIV treatment guidelines previously advocated the use of LAM to manage HIV-infected children with virological failure. However, the outcomes of patients on LAM compared with those who continued on a failing regimen have not been well described.

High virological failure rates in HIV-1 perinatally infected children in South Africa: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Large cohorts of HIV-1 perinatally infected children with long-term follow-up in developing countries are limited.

Objectives: To explore rates and predictors of virological failure in a paediatric cohort.

Methods: A 10-year retrospective study was conducted from January 2004 to December 2013 to determine the incidence of and factors associated with virological failure among 1 659 HIV perinatally infected children in a public sector setting in South Africa (SA).

HIV infection, seasonality and younger age predicting incident Bell's palsy among black South Africans.

Background: Although South Africa (SA) is facing a high prevalence of HIV infection, there is no literature from this region on a link between Bell's palsy and HIV. The aim of this study was to identify the occurrence of Bell's palsy in relation to demographics, seasons and HIV status among black South Africans.

Methods: This retrospective cohort was conducted among adult black patients, without Bell's palsy in 2003, presenting to the neurology outpatients department at Dr.

Medical doctors' awareness of radiation exposure in diagnostic radiology investigations in a South African academic institution.

Background: Diagnostic investigations using radiation have become a critical feature of medical practice in recent times. However, the possibility of doctors' underestimation of risks of over-exposure of patients to diagnostic radiation still warrants further evaluation.

Objectives: To investigate doctors' awareness of diagnostic radiation exposure at Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital, South Africa.

Characterisation of protease resistance mutations in a South African paediatric cohort with virological failure, 2011 - 2017.

Background: Advances in HIV management have improved treatment outcomes in the HIV-infected population. However, these advances have not been without multifaceted challenges. In sub-Saharan Africa, their impact is reflected in the increased emergence of HIV drug resistance mutations.