Patterns of daily oral HIV PrEP adherence among people who inject drugs in Ukraine: an analysis of biomarkers.

Introduction: Daily oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with tenofovir/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) is recommended for people who inject drugs (PWID) but coverage is low. The real-life effectiveness of PrEP among PWID is unknown as previous studies were conducted in controlled settings and mainly relied on self-report. Analysis of PrEP metabolites-tenofovir diphosphate (TFVdp) and emtricitabine triphosphate (FTCtp)-offers an objective measure of adherence.

Manifestations of cruel, inhuman types of behavior and torture of Ukrainian military who died in captivity.

The given information and forensic medical characteristics of injuries found on the bodies of Ukrainian soldiers who were in Russian captivity and died as a result of cruel, inhuman treatment and torture in 2022-2023. According to their nature and morphological features, the damage could be the result of high temperature action using hot metal objects, but more likely, the result of the use of electric current conductors (bare end of the wire). In other cases, after the exhumation of the occupied territory of the Kharkiv region, the manifestations of torture were brain injuries and fractures of the bones of the body caused by blunt hard objects with a limited surface.

Forensic-medical characteristics of penetrating wounds as manifestations of explosive trauma in the case of decomposed bodies examination.

The Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 caused a significant spike in the number of deaths from blast injury. The impossibility of evacuating the bodies of dead servicemen or civilians from the battlefield for a long time leads to the fact that forensic experts often have to deal with the examination of bodies in a state of decomposed changes. At the same time, the material and technical support of forensic medical institutions in different parts of Ukraine is heterogeneous: most experts do not have access to laboratory or instrumental research methods and can only rely on macroscopic research data.

Low daily oral PrEP adherence and low validity of self-report in a randomized trial among PWID in Ukraine.

Background: The efficacy of daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in preventing HIV transmission among people who inject drugs (PWID) was demonstrated over a decade ago. However, only a few studies among PWID have since measured PrEP adherence using laboratory markers.

Methods: In this trial, we randomized recently injecting PWID in Kyiv, Ukraine, to receive daily oral TDF/FTC with or without SMS reminders.

EFFECT OF BONE MARROW ASPIRATE IN DENERVATION-INDUCED SKELETAL MUSCLE ATROPHY.

Objective: The aim: To evaluate muscle changes after sciatic nerve damage with the injection of bone marrow aspirate cells.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: 36 rabbits underwent sciatic nerve cross-section and neuroraphy, bone marrow aspirate cells were injected directly or 7 weeks after neuroraphy. Changes in skeletal muscle morphology (photomicrographs of histological sections were analyzed for morphometric analysis of collagen region, quantitative analysis of conducted collagen density and measurement of muscle fibers diameter) and biochemical parameters (catalase activity, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase measurements and level of TBARS was determined) at 8, 12, and 16 weeks were examined.