Group metacognitive therapy for children and adolescents with anxiety and depression: A preliminary trial and test of proposed mechanisms.

Preliminary research supports the feasibility of metacognitive therapy (MCT) in children with generalized anxiety, but the effectiveness of MCT in treating children with other anxiety and depressive disorders largely remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects associated with MCT in targeting symptoms of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents and to investigate mechanisms proposed by the metacognitive model. Ninety-seven participants aged 10-17 years (M = 12.

Gut Microbiome in Children with Congenital Heart Disease After Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery (GuMiBear Study).

The gut microbiome of infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery (CPB) is at risk of profound alteration. The aim of this study was to examine the gut microbiome pre- and post-bypass surgery to explore potential implications of altered gut biodiversity. A prospective cohort study involving infants with CHD who underwent CPB was performed.

Identifying the essential elements to inform the development of a research agenda for Paramedicine in Ireland: a Delphi Study.

Background: Paramedicine is a dynamic profession which has evolved from a "treat and transport" service into a complex network of health professionals working in a diverse range of clinical roles. Research is challenging in the paramedicine context, and internationally, research capacity and culture has developed slowly. International examples of research agendas and strategies in paramedicine exist, however, research priorities have not previously been identified in Ireland.

Bodies in action: Do contractive and expansive postures facilitate adaptive behavior?

The present study investigated the effects of expansive and contractive body displays on adaptive behavior and affective outcomes. Addressing limitations in past research, the effects were investigated in two different contexts (i.e.

Maritime free space optical communications field test and link budget statistics.

During sub-optimal weather, a free-space optical (FSO) link range degrades depending on attenuation (atmospheric extinction) and turbulence effects. The ability to predict the system level performance can be exceedingly challenging as the atmospheric variability in a maritime link can be large and difficult to model. Link budget estimation for FSO systems often takes a nominal view of atmospheric conditions; here, we use statistical atmospheric predictions specific to a geographic area of interest to enable performance trades to be evaluated through link budget analysis.

Relationships between metacognitive beliefs and anxiety and depression in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis.

Background: As hypothesized in the Self-Regulatory Executive Function (S-REF) model, metacognitive beliefs are associated with anxiety and depression in adults. An important question is the extent to which such effects are present in children and adolescents, with the implication that the model may also apply to young people. The aim of this meta-analysis was to synthesize results on the nature and magnitude of associations between metacognitive beliefs and anxiety and depression in children and adolescents.

"This is it…this is our normal" - the voices of family members and first responders experiencing duty-related trauma in Ireland.

Background: Compared to other occupational groups, first responders (FR) experience worse mental health outcomes due to duty-related trauma and occupational stressors. Despite their best efforts, they bring this stress home to friends and family. Consequently, FR and their supporters suffer from increased psychosocial difficulties and experience stigma and other barriers to help-seeking.

Embodied cognitive restructuring: The impact of posture and movement on changing dysfunctional attitudes.

Background And Objectives: Previous theoretical and empirical work has pointed to the important role of the body in emotion generation and emotion regulation. In the present study, we wanted to investigate if the performance of certain body postures and movement could facilitate cognitive restructuring of dysfunctional cognitive attitudes more effectively than traditional, verbal-only methods.

Methods: In total, 130 participants were randomized to one of two groups.

: A constructivist grounded theory study of simulation culture in four professional domains in Ireland.

Purpose: In simulation-based education (SBE), educators integrate their professional experiences to prepare learners for real world practice and may embed unproductive stereotypical biases. Although learning culture influences educational practices, the interactions between professional culture and SBE remain less clear. This study explores how professional learning culture informs simulation practices in healthcare, law, teacher training and paramedicine.

Dual-Shutter Optical Vibration Sensing.

Visual vibrometry is a highly useful tool for remote capture of audio, as well as the physical properties of materials, human heart rate, and more. While visually-observable vibrations can be captured directly with a high-speed camera, minute imperceptible object vibrations can be optically amplified by imaging the displacement of a speckle pattern created by shining a laser beam on the vibrating surface. In this paper, we propose a novel method for sensing vibrations at high speeds (up to 63 kHz), for multiple scene sources at once, using sensors rated for only 130 Hz operation.

The effect of experimental emotion induction on experimental pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The idea that emotions can influence pain is generally recognized. However, a synthesis of the numerous individual experimental studies on this subject is lacking. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize the existing evidence on the effect of experimental emotion induction on experimental pain in nonclinical adults.

Classification of Shredded Aluminium Scrap Metal Using Magnetic Induction Spectroscopy.

Recycling aluminium is essential for a circular economy, reducing the energy required and greenhouse gas emissions compared to extraction from virgin ore. A 'Twitch' waste stream is a mix of shredded wrought and cast aluminium. Wrought must be separated before recycling to prevent contamination from the impurities present in the cast.

The effect of age on emotion regulation patterns in daily life: Findings from an experience sampling study.

The present experience sampling study investigated the effect of age on emotion regulation patterns (i.e., emotion regulation strategy effectiveness, variability, and differentiation) in daily life.

Miocene phytolith and diatom dataset from 10.3Myo diatomite formation, Fernley, Nevada, USA.

Phytoliths are opal silica particles formed within plant tissues. Diatoms are aquatic, single-celled photosynthetic algae with silica skeletons. Phytolith and diatom morphotypes vary depending on local environmental and climatic conditions and because their silicate structures preserve well, the study of phytolith and diatom morphotypes can be used to better understand paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental dynamics and changes.

Costs of Summer Youth Employment to Prevent Violence: an Analysis and Implementer's Tool.

Gun homicide rates have risen 35% across the USA since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. One promising intervention to prevent violent crime is summer youth employment programs (SYEPs), which provide youth with meaningful workplace experiences, prosocial engagements, and developmental opportunities during the summer months, when many otherwise lack structure. This paper presents a cost analysis of violence prevention-focused SYEPs to help implementers understand the costs generally and in their own community contexts-to advocate for adoption and secure funding of, effectively budget for, and successfully implement SYEPs.

Training simulated participants for role portrayal and feedback practices in communication skills training: A BEME scoping review: BEME Guide No. 86.

Background: Providing feedback is a key aspect of simulated participants' (SPs) educational work. In teaching contexts, the ability to provide feedback to learners is central to their role. Suboptimal feedback practices may deny learners the valuable feedback they need to learn and improve.

ConquerFear-Group: A randomized controlled trial of an online-delivered group-based psychological intervention for fear of cancer recurrence in breast cancer survivors.

Objective: Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is a distressing concern among cancer survivors. Interventions to address FCR need to be effective but also accessible and low cost. This randomized controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of an online group-based psychological intervention for FCR (ConquerFear-Group).

Caregiver fear of cancer recurrence: A systematic review and meta-analysis of quantitative studies.

Objective: Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is reported by both cancer survivors and caregivers however less is known about caregiver FCR. This study aimed to (a) conduct a meta-analysis to compare survivor and caregiver FCR levels; (b) examine the relationship between caregiver FCR and depression, and anxiety; (c) evaluate psychometric properties of caregiver FCR measures.

Methods: CINAHL, Embase, PsychINFO and PubMed were searched for quantitative research examining caregiver FCR.

Protocol for a prospective cohort study exploring the gut microbiota of infants with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (the GuMiBear study).

Introduction: The gut microbiota develops from birth and matures significantly during the first 24 months of life, playing a major role in infant health and development. The composition of the gut microbiota is influenced by several factors including mode of delivery, gestational age, feed type and treatment with antibiotics. Alterations in the pattern of gut microbiota development and composition can be associated with illness and compromised health outcomes.

Optimising psychological treatment for pain after breast cancer: a factorial design study protocol in Denmark.

Introduction: One in five breast cancer (BC) survivors are affected by persistent pain years after completing primary treatment. While the efficacy of psychological interventions for BC-related pain has been documented in several meta-analyses, reported effect sizes are generally modest, pointing to a need for optimisation. Guided by the Multiphase Optimization Strategy, the present study aims to optimise psychological treatment for BC-related pain by identifying active treatment components in a full factorial design.

'How can we help the students learn?' A grounded theory study of simulated participants as educators.

Purpose: Despite the demonstrated value of simulated participant (SP) feedback, we are only beginning to understand how to optimize SPs' feedback practices for communication skills and strengthen their role as educators. SPs portray roles and engage in feedback practices to support simulated-based learning for communication skills training. SPs come to their role with diverse experiences, knowledge, and training, such as (a) professional actors, (b) lay people, and (c) health professions educators.

Using bodily displays to facilitating approach action outcomes within the context of a personally relevant task.

Background: Considerable attention has been paid to the effect of bodily (expansive and contractive) displays on affective, behavioral, and hormonal outcomes. However, the majority of past studies are limited by a lack of control groups with neutral displays and low personal relevance of the experimental tasks employed. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of adopting different bodily displays, including neutral displays, within the context of a personally relevant task.