Entrustment and EPAs for Artificial Intelligence (AI): A Framework to Safeguard the Use of AI in Health Professions Education.

In this article, the authors propose a repurposing of the concept of entrustment to help guide the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in health professions education (HPE). Entrustment can help identify and mitigate the risks of incorporating generative AI tools with limited transparency about their accuracy, source material, and disclosure of bias into HPE practice. With AI's growing role in education-related activities, like automated medical school application screening and feedback quality and content appraisal, there is a critical need for a trust-based approach to ensure these technologies are beneficial and safe.

Breaking Bad News to Learners: How Well Does the SPIKES Clinical Model Translate?

When health professions learners do not meet standards on assessments, educators need to share this information with the learners and determine next steps to improve their performance. Those conversations can be difficult, and educators may lack confidence or skill in holding them. For clinician-educators with experience sharing challenging news with patients, using an analogy from clinical settings may help with these conversations in the education context.

Disentangling faculty development: A scoping review towards a rich description of the concept and its practice.

Background: There is wide variation in how faculty development (FD) is practiced globally and described in the literature. This scoping review aims to clarify how FD is conceptualised and practiced in health professions education.

Methodology: Using a systematic search strategy, 418 papers, published between 2015-2023, were included for full text review.

Critical Thinking in the Texting Age.

Objectives: Though texting has become a preferred way for clinicians to discuss patient care, surgeons report that texting detracts from trainees' education. Little research has explored how texting relates to education and more specifically to critical thinking - the problem-solving and decision-making processes central to safe patient care. As such, we aimed to identify how trainees perceived the effect of texting on critical thinking.

Improvements in Forward Bending Are Related to Improvements in Pain and Disability During Cognitive Functional Therapy for People With Chronic Low Back Pain.

To investigate whether improvements in forward bending were related to improvements in pain and disability in people with chronic low back pain (CLBP) who were undergoing Cognitive Functional Therapy (CFT). Longitudinal observational study. Two hundred and sixty-one participants with CLBP received CFT.

Go back to the original sources please!

This column is intended to address the kinds of knotty problems and dilemmas with which many scholars grapple in studying health professions education. In this article, we address the dilemma of engaging with foundational works versus depending on summary articles. We argue that an over-dependence on secondary sources can lead to prejudices and unquestioned assumptions, and limit the constructive development of our field.

"Every patient teaches you something new": experiences of physiotherapists delivering cognitive functional therapy for chronic, disabling low back pain in a randomised controlled trial.

Purpose: Cognitive functional therapy (CFT) is an individualised person-centred biopsychosocial intervention that demonstrated large and sustained clinically important improvements in people with chronic, disabling low back pain (LBP) in the RESTORE randomised controlled trial. This study aimed to explore physiotherapists' experiences of delivering CFT in the RESTORE trial.

Materials And Methods: Cross-sectional qualitative design using reflexive thematic analysis with interviews of 15 treating physiotherapists (3-25 years experience) across Perth and Sydney.

Improving Medical Student Performance With Unsupervised Simulation and Remote Asynchronous Feedback.

Objective: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of training medical students to perform two clinical procedures using unsupervised simulation with remote asynchronous feedback, compared to an intensive workshop with in-person feedback.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Third-year medical students were recruited and randomized into 2 groups: Thoracentesis or paracentesis. Within each group, participants were further randomized into either unsupervised simulation with remote asynchronous feedback (experimental group; EG) or a 2-hour workshop (control group; CG).

The relationship between changes in pain intensity and functional disability in persistent disabling low back pain during a course of cognitive functional therapy.

Objectives: Pain relief and reduced disability are both common treatment targets for persistent disabling low back pain (LBP). Cross-sectional studies show a moderate relationship between functional disability and pain intensity, but little is known about the relationship between changes in pain intensity and functional disability over multiple time points. The objective of this study was to investigate the associations between changes in functional disability and pain intensity and whether changes occurred simultaneously or differentially during a course of cognitive functional therapy for people with persistent disabling LBP.

Patients with worse disability respond best to cognitive functional therapy for chronic low back pain: a pre-planned secondary analysis of a randomised trial.

Question: Do five baseline moderators identify patients with chronic low back pain who respond best to cognitive functional therapy (CFT) when compared with usual care?

Design: Secondary analysis of the RESTORE randomised controlled trial.

Participants: A total of 492 adults with low back pain for > 3 months with at least moderate pain-related activity limitation.

Intervention: Participants were allocated to CFT alone or CFT plus biofeedback; these two groups were combined for this secondary analysis.

A Prospective Qualitative Inquiry of Patient Experiences of Cognitive Functional Therapy for Chronic Low Back Pain During the RESTORE Trial.

Cognitive functional therapy (CFT) is a person-centered biopsychosocial physiotherapy intervention that has recently demonstrated large, durable effects in reducing pain and disability in people with chronic low back pain (CLBP). However, exploration of the treatment process from the patients' perspectives, including the process of gaining control and agency over CLBP, is relatively understudied in this patient population. This qualitative study explored the experiences of eight participants from the RESTORE trial through longitudinally following their experiences, including interviews during baseline, mid-treatment, end-treatment, and 12-month follow-up.

Cognitive Functional Therapy for Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: The objective was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive functional therapy (CFT) in the management of people with chronic nonspecific low back pain (LBP) and explore the variability in available trials to understand the factors which may affect the effectiveness of the intervention.

Methods: A systematic review with meta-analyses was conducted. Four databases were searched from inception to October 12, 2023.

Consensus guidelines on the bedside assistant skills required in robotic surgery.

Background: While bedside assistants play a critical role in many robotic operations, substantial heterogeneity remains in bedside assistant training pathways. As such, this study aimed to develop consensus guidelines for bedside assistant skills required for team members in robotic operations.

Methods: We designed a study using the Delphi process to develop consensus guidelines around bedside assistant skills.

Avoiding common pitfalls in mixed methods research?

This column is intended to address the kinds of knotty problems and dilemmas with which many scholars grapple in studying health professions education. In this article, the authors focus on how to help mentees take an analytic approach to improve their mixed methods work. Mixed methods research has increased in popularity and with that comes both strengths and weaknesses in these studies.

CARD14 signalosome formation is associated with its endosomal relocation and mTORC1-induced keratinocyte proliferation.

Rare mutations in CARD14 promote psoriasis by inducing CARD14-BCL10-MALT1 complexes that activate NF-κB and MAP kinases. Here, the downstream signalling mechanism of the highly penetrant CARD14E138A alteration is described. In addition to BCL10 and MALT1, CARD14E138A associated with several proteins important in innate immune signalling.

"When You're in It, It Feels Like It's Everything": Medical Students' Experience of Failure and Remediation in the United States and the Netherlands.

Purpose: Medical training institutions worldwide must be prepared to remediate struggling learners, but there is little empirical evidence around learners' perspectives on remediation efforts. Research shows that emotion has a significant effect on learning, but it has not been well studied in remediation in medical education. Given the high stakes of remediation, understanding more about learners' emotional experience could lead to improvements in remediation programs.

The "future" pain clinician: Competencies needed to provide psychologically informed care.

Background & Objective: Psychologically informed care has been proposed to improve treatment outcomes for chronic pain and aligns with a person-centered approach. Yet implementation lags behind, and studies suggest that a lack of competency leads to poor results. It is unclear what training clinicians require to deliver this care.

Comparing observed and preferred instruction in robotic surgery.

Background: The unique setup of robotic surgery challenges the traditional instructional dynamic between surgical learners and teachers. Previous studies have posited difficulties such as reliance on observational learning and ease of takeover. However, we lack understanding of how these instructional challenges manifest and are perceived by learners.

How Many Is Too Many? Using Cognitive Load Theory to Determine the Maximum Safe Number of Inpatient Consultations for Trainees.

Purpose: Cognitive load, specifically extraneous load (EL) reflective of distractions, may provide evidence of a lack of focus, potentially making additional work unsafe. The assessment of trainees performing inpatient consultations provides a helpful model for examining this question. The goal of this study was to provide useful information to clinical and educational leaders to optimize inpatient consultation services and rotations and mitigate potential patient safety risk.

Vascular Anastomoses and Dissection: A Six-Part Simulation Curriculum for Surgical Residents.

Introduction: As surgical technologies grow, so too do demands on surgical trainees to master increasing numbers of skill sets. With the rise of endovascular surgery, trainees have fewer opportunities to practice open vascular techniques in the operating room. Simulation can bridge this gap.

An At-Home Laparoscopic Curriculum for Junior Residents in Surgery, Obstetrics/Gynecology, and Urology.

Introduction: Laparoscopic surgery requires significant training, and prior studies have shown that surgical residents lack key laparoscopic skills. Many educators have implemented simulation curricula to improve laparoscopic training. Given limited time for dedicated, in-person simulation center practice, at-home training has emerged as a possible mechanism by which to expand training and promote practice.

Who should proof my paper?

This column is intended to address the kinds of knotty problems and dilemmas with which many scholars grapple in studying health professions education. In this article, the authors address the challenges in proofreading a manuscript. Emerging researchers might think that someone in the production team will catch any errors.