Expectations and Preferences for Digital Cessation Treatment: Multimethods Study Among Older Adults Who Smoke Cigarettes.

Background: To address enduring age-related tobacco disparities, it is critical to promote cessation treatment among older adults (aged 65+ years). Digital health platforms offer opportunities for wide dissemination of evidence-based behavioral cessation support. However, existing digital cessation treatments are not tailored to unique aging-related needs and preferences, resulting in low uptake.

The prospective relationship between a-priori intentions for and patterns of e-cigarette use among adults who smoke cigarettes.

Background: Electronic (e-)cigarettes may help adult cigarette smokers achieve cigarette cessation, depending on patterns of e-cigarette use. Among cigarette smokers who do not use e-cigarettes, it is unclear if and how a-priori intentions for use are related to uptake patterns. Longitudinal studies have focused on established e-cigarette users or adolescent and young adult populations exclusively.

Challenges in Medicine: The Odyssey of a Patient with Isolated IgG4-Related Eosinophilic Angiocentric Fibrosis Presenting as a Locally Destructive Sinonasal Mass.

Eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis (EAF) is an exceeding rare clinical entity and is considered a part of the spectrum of IgG4-related disease (IgG4RD). We hereby present such an unusual case of a 60-year-old female who presented to us with recurrent sinonasal mass, after a decade long haul of multiple clinical evaluations, biopsies, and debulking surgery without a definitive diagnosis. Over this period, the mass eroded through the ethmoid cells along with nasal septal destruction leading to saddle nose deformity, extended superiorly through the cribriform plates to right frontal lobe, and compressed the optic nerve leading to visual loss.

Manganese-induced Parkinsonism in mice is reduced using a novel contaminated water sediment exposure model.

Heavy metals enter the aquatic environment and accumulate within water sediments, but these metal-sediment interactions remain to be explored within toxicity studies. We developed an exposure model in mice that encapsulates the aquatic microenvironment of metals before exposure. Male and female C57/BL6 mice were exposed via their drinking water to manganese contaminated sediment (Sed_Mn) or to manganese without sediment interaction (Mn) for six weeks.

"JUMPing into Diabetes Control": A Group-Setting Self-Empowerment Lifestyle Intervention among Diabetes Patients.

We examined the impact of a group-based self-empowerment intervention among diabetes patients, which uses multidisciplinary education, collaborative learning, peer support, and development of diabetes-specific social capital to improve glycemic control and weight management. Thirty-five patients who had primary care established at the Prisma Health Upstate, Internal Medicine Resident clinic and held the diagnosis of diabetes for longer than one year were recruited for our single-arm pilot intervention. Each group intervention session involved one to two internal medicine resident physician facilitators, a clinical diabetic educator, and 5-10 patients.

Disparities in prostate cancer survival in Appalachian Kentucky: a population-based study.

Introduction: Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common male cancer in the USA. When comparing the incidence and mortality rates of PC, the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results data of 2005-2014 show that Appalachian Kentucky had a lower incidence (113/100 000 v 137/100 000) but a higher mortality rate (23.8% v 21.

A Randomized, Controlled, Multicenter Clinical Study Evaluating The Crestal Bone Level Change Of SLActive Bone Level Ø 3.3 mm Implants Compared To SLActive Bone Level Ø 4.1 mm Implants For Single-Tooth Replacement.

Purpose: The purpose of this prospective randomized clinical trial was to test the hypothesis that narrow-diameter titanium-zirconium (Ti-Zr) alloy implants with a chemically modified hydrophilic surface are not inferior in regard to crestal bone level change compared with standard-diameter implants with the same implant surface and material (control).

Materials And Methods: This multicenter study included 50 patients in need of a single tooth replacement in the anterior (canine to canine) or premolar region of the mandible or maxilla. Patients were included if the site could accommodate a 4.

Resident Preferences for Program Director Role in Wellness Management.

Background: Burnout and depression are prevalent among resident physicians, though the supportive role of the program director (PD) is not well defined.

Objective: To understand the residents' view of the residency program director's role in assessing and promoting resident wellness.

Methods: A single institution survey of all house staff was conducted in 2017.

Narcotic Use: A Modifiable Risk Factor for Hip and Knee Arthroplasty.

The use of opioids in the United States has become an epidemic. Opioids have become frequently prescribed for arthritic pain in the hip and knee. The use of opioidsas first-round therapy for pain has been driven by several factors, including the health care providers' lack of understanding that anti-inflammatory medications are at least as effective as opioids, a patient's expectation of complete pain relief on presentation to the emergency room or doctor's office, and increasing importance placed on patient satisfaction.

Cell lineage distribution atlas of the human stomach reveals heterogeneous gland populations in the gastric antrum.

Objective: The glands of the stomach body and antral mucosa contain a complex compendium of cell lineages. In lower mammals, the distribution of oxyntic glands and antral glands define the anatomical regions within the stomach. We examined in detail the distribution of the full range of cell lineages within the human stomach.

Human epididymis protein 4 is up-regulated in gastric and pancreatic adenocarcinomas.

Upper gastrointestinal neoplasia in the esophagus, stomach, and pancreas is associated with the formation of preneoplastic metaplasias. We have previously reported the up-regulation of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) in all metaplasias in the stomach of humans and mice. We have now sought to evaluate the expression of HE4 in metaplasias/preneoplastic precursors and cancers of the human stomach, pancreas, and esophagus.

Rilpivirine and complera: new first-line treatment options.

Two antiretroviral medicines recently came on the scene for people starting HIV treatment for the first time: Rilpivirine (brand name Edurant) won marketing approval in May, and the following August saw approval of Complera, a single-pill once-daily regimen that joins rilpivirine with two other drugs. This article explains the science behind rilpivirine and Complera and how these drugs measure up to the commonly prescribed efavirenz (Sustiva) and Atripla. lines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in HIV-1-Infected Adults and Adolescents, published by the U.

Gastric tumor development in Smad3-deficient mice initiates from forestomach/glandular transition zone along the lesser curvature.

SMAD proteins are downstream effectors of the TGF-β signaling pathway. Smad3-null mice develop colorectal cancer by 6 months of age. In this study, we have examined whether the loss of Smad3 promotes gastric neoplasia in mice.

Spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM) in the gastric oxyntic mucosa does not arise from Lgr5-expressing cells.

Objective: Metaplastic lineages in the oxyntic mucosa of the stomach are critical preneoplastic precursors of gastric cancer. Recent studies have demonstrated that spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM) in the mouse oxyntic mucosa arises from transdifferentiation of mature gastric chief cells. Other investigations of intestinal progenitor cells have shown that cells demonstrating transcriptional activity for leucine-rich repeat containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5) in the intestine, colon and gastric antrum function as adult stem cells.

Effect of implant surface and grafting on implants placed into simulated extraction sockets: a histologic study in dogs.

Purpose: To study bone healing at implant sites in simulated extraction sockets with 1-mm marginal defects and compare healing around a turned surface (T) to that around a porous oxide surface prepared by anodic oxidation (AO) with or without the use of an autogenous bone graft.

Materials And Methods: All mandibular premolars and first molars were extracted from 10 mongrel dogs. After 9 weeks, four sites were prepared on both sides of all mandibles.

Optical properties of (GaAs)n clusters (n = 2-16).

The electronic and geometrical structures of the lowest triplet states of (GaAs) n clusters ( n = 2-16) are studied using density functional theory with generalized gradient approximation (DFT-GGA). It is found that the triplet-state geometries are different from the corresponding singlet-state geometries; for n = 2-8, 10, and 11, the triplets and singlets have different topologies, while the (GaAs) 9, (GaAs) 12, (GaAs) 15, and (GaAs) 16 triplets possess a reduced symmetry, due to Jahn-Teller distortions. Except for GaAs, the singlet states are the ground states.

Immediate loading of single-tooth restorations: one-year prospective results.

Immediate loading of splinted implant restorations is a growing trend, but limited clinical documentation hampers evidence-based treatment planning for single-tooth applications. This study prospectively evaluated the clinical efficacy of placing implant-supported, single-tooth restorations into immediate, full-occlusal loading. Sixty consecutive patients (intent-to-treat group) with 1 missing tooth between 2 intact teeth were treated with a total of 69 implants.

CCR5 inhibitors: up and coming new agents.

A new class of antiretroviral drugs came on the scene in 2003 with the approval of the first entry inhibitor, enfuvirtide (T-20, Fuzeon). Considerable research has been directed toward discovery of additional drugs that target the cell-entry stage of HIV replication, and CCR5 inhibitors--agents that block viral entry via a novel mechanism of action--are poised to join the antiretroviral armamentarium this year.

MK-0518 and GS-9137: two promising integrase inhibitors in the pipeline.

Possibly the most exciting news to come out of the 13th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, held in Denver last February, concerned clinical trials of two experimental drugs in a new class: integrase inhibitors. If successful in further trials, integrase inhibitors could revitalize the treatment regimens of people living with multidrug-resistant HIV.

Clinical application of spiral tomography in anterior implant placement: case report.

Background: Placement of endosseous dental implants in edentulous areas of the anterior maxilla poses a unique challenge due to variations in the amount of residual alveolar bone. Implant position becomes crucial in cases demanding high esthetic results but possessing minimal ridge width or in cases requiring augmentation. Recent advances in spiral tomography have allowed for more precise planning and placement of endosseous implants in these challenging areas.