Ex vivo expansion and hydrogel-mediated in vivo delivery of tissue-resident memory T cells for immunotherapy.

Tissue-resident memory T (T) cells preferentially reside in peripheral tissues, serving as key players in tumor immunity and immunotherapy. The lack of effective approaches for expanding T cells and delivering these cells in vivo hinders the exploration of T cell-mediated cancer immunotherapy. Here, we report a nanoparticle artificial antigen-presenting cell (nano-aAPC) ex vivo expansion approach and an in vivo delivery system for T cells.

Perspectives on the Dementia Public Health Exposome.

Dementia is a public health concern in the aging population with an estimated 55 million people impacted globally. Public health initiatives that focus on minimizing dementia risk factors may support efforts to reduce the incidence of dementia in at-risk populations. Exposomics considers both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for disease, including genetic changes with age and lifetime exposures to environmental, social, and behavioral risk factors.

Faculty Perspective on Interprofessional Education Competencies: Respiratory Therapy Compared to Other Allied Health Professions.

Background: Interprofessional Education (IPE) provides a framework for collaborative education between health care specialties to improve patient care. In 2010, the Interprofessional Education Collaborative Expert Panel established the competencies of communication, ethics, roles and responsibilities, and teams and teamwork. Studies have assessed knowledge and attitudes about IPE in several allied health educational programs including respiratory therapy (RT).

Variability in rod to bone distance needed in pelvic subcutaneous internal fixation to avoid nerve compression: A tridimensional population-based study.

Introduction: Pelvic internal fixation has become a popular method for treatment of unstable pelvic ring injuries. Although successful, one complication is femoral nerve palsy from compression of the connecting rod. In light of this complication, this study was designed to evaluate sagittal inclinations of the rod and the feasibility of using a rod with a constant curvature.

Educating Certified Nursing Assistants to Communicate Skin Changes to Reduce Pressure Injuries.

Pressure injuries (PIs) are common and costly complications in long-term care (LTC) residents. Educating and coaching certified nursing assistants (CNAs) to communicate early skin changes is a PI surveillance strategy that may influence PI outcomes. A communication guide related to Skin, Clean, Activity, and Nutrition was developed for CNAs to promote prompt upstream communication to licensed nurses.

Mentoring experience of new surgeons during their transition to independent practice: A nationwide survey.

Background: New surgeons are faced with inadequate mentoring when first entering practice. Our study examined challenges faced by young surgeons during their transition in practice and their mentoring experience when entering practice.

Methods: An article-based survey was mailed in August 2019 to general, colorectal, vascular, and cardiothoracic surgeons that became members of the American College of Surgeons within the past 5 years.

Potential role for age as a modulator of oral nitrate reductase activity.

Reduction of salivary nitrate to nitrite by oral nitrate reductase (NR) expressing bacteria has emerged as an integral pathway in regulating nitric oxide (NO) homeostasis and signaling. The oral microbiome is critical for this pathway. Variations in this pathway may underlie variable responses in the magnitude by which dietary or therapeutic nitrate modulates NO-signaling.

Scattering-Based Light-Sheet Microscopy for Rapid Cellular Imaging of Fresh Tissue.

Background And Objectives: Light-sheet microscopy (LSM) is a novel imaging technology that has been used for imaging fluorescence contrast in basic life science research. In this paper, we have developed a scattering-based LSM (sLSM) for rapidly imaging the cellular morphology of fresh tissues without any exogenous fluorescent dyes.

Study Design/materials And Methods: In the sLSM device, a thin light sheet with the central wavelength of 834 nm was incident on the tissue obliquely, 45° relative to the tissue surface.

Is the Newborn Microbiome Disrupted by Routine Newborn Suctioning? An Exploratory Approach for Policy Development.

An invasive procedure commonly used in the perinatal setting is newborn suctioning at birth. Routine newborn suctioning, without indication, is not recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Heart Association, and the European Resuscitation Council for the newborn with spontaneous respirations, adequate crying, and good muscle tone. Whether to suction a newborn is a difficult practice decision made daily by the perinatal nurse.

Promoting and Protecting the Gastrointestinal Newborn Microbiome Through Breastfeeding Practices.

Since newborns are a vulnerable population that cannot protect their own microbiome, healthcare professionals can promote, advocate, and assist with breastfeeding promotion to protect the healthy development of the newborn gastrointestinal microbiome. The newborn gastrointestinal microbiome is a dynamic community of bacteria that influence health. Breastfeeding seeds and feeds the newborn gastrointestinal microbiome.

Implementation of an Evidence-Based Oral Care Protocol to Improve the Delivery of Mouth Care in Nursing Home Residents.

The current project assessed the oral health of residents in a long-term care (LTC) facility, implemented a new evidence-based oral care protocol, and trained nursing staff about oral hygiene for older adults. A pre-/post-intervention design was used to measure knowledge, skills, and attitudes among 29 staff members. The oral health outcomes of 10 LTC residents without dysphagia were assessed after 14 days of protocol use.

Mentorship of Surgical Interns: Are We Failing to Meet Their Needs?

Objective: This study aimed to determine the challenges faced by surgical trainees during their internship and to explore their experience with mentoring.

Design: An internet-based survey comprised of 30 questions was distributed to 59 surgical interns to evaluate their internship experience at the conclusion of the academic year 2018 to 2019.

Setting: Four academic medical centers in Boston, Massachusetts.

Smartphone epifluorescence microscopy for cellular imaging of fresh tissue in low-resource settings.

Disease diagnosis in low-resource settings can be challenging due to the lack of equipment and trained personnel required for histologic analysis. In this paper, we have developed a smartphone-based epifluorescence microscope (SeFM) for imaging fresh tissues at sub-cellular resolution. SeFM provides similar resolution and field of view (FOV) as those used during histologic analysis.

Retired Surgeons' Reflections on Their Careers.

This survey study explores how retired surgeons reflect on their careers and their attitudes toward career decisions.

Implementation of an Intraoperative Instructional Timeout Just Prior to Stapler Use Improves Proficiency of Surgical Stapler Usage by Surgery Residents.

Introduction: With the fragmented rotational structure of training, exposure to surgical staplers is not uniform across surgical residents. Traditionally, educational sessions dedicated to instruction in surgical staplers have taken place outside the operating room. This study implemented and evaluated an intraoperative timeout immediately prior to stapler use in cases with surgical residents.

Retired Surgeons as Mentors for Surgical Training Graduates Entering Practice: An Underutilized Resource.

Objective: Our study evaluated the willingness of retired surgeons to mentor newly trained surgeons.

Summary Background Data: Although mentoring is very important during the transition in practice, many novice surgeons are faced with inadequacy or lack of mentoring.

Methods: A survey regarding mentorship of new surgeons was sent in April 2018 to retired general, colorectal, vascular, and cardiothoracic surgeons that are members of the American College of Surgeons.

Playing the Surgical Technologist Role by Surgery Residents Improves Their Technical and Nontechnical Skills.

Background: The present study was designed to implement and evaluate an interprofessional surgical technologist-to-surgical resident training program for junior general surgery residents aimed at enhancing their operating room skills. This program would be incorporated into the general surgery educational curriculum.

Material And Methods: Under the guidance and supervision of a surgical technologist, first-year and second-year general surgery residents performed the perioperative and intraoperative tasks that are the responsibilities of the surgical technologist for 16 inguinal/umbilical hernia and 15 laparoscopic appendectomy/cholecystectomy operations performed by attending surgeons assisted by other surgical residents from June 01, 2017 until December 31, 2017.

Trap Tree and Interception Trap Techniques for Management of Ambrosia Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in Nursery Production.

The majority of wood-boring ambrosia beetles are strongly attracted to ethanol, a behavior which could be exploited for management within ornamental nurseries. A series of experiments was conducted to determine if ethanol-based interception techniques could reduce ambrosia beetle pest pressure. In two experiments, trap trees injected with a high dose of ethanol were positioned either adjacent or 10-15 m from trees injected with a low dose of ethanol (simulating a mildly stressed tree) to determine if the high-dose trap trees could draw beetle attacks away from immediately adjacent stressed nursery trees.

Management of flatheaded appletree borer (Chrysobothris femorata Olivier) in woody ornamental nursery production with a winter cover crop.

Background: The flatheaded appletree borer (Chrysobothris femorata Olivier) (FHAB) is a native pest of fruit, shade and nut trees throughout the United States. Use of cover crops is an effective pest management tool for some key insect pests in vegetable and cereal production systems, but its impact in woody ornamental production systems has not been investigated. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a winter cover crop for management of FHAB in nursery production.

Applying the Public Health Exposome Model to Improve Kidney Disease Outcomes for Patients and Populations.

The genome is insufficient for understanding chronic health conditions, such as kidney disease. Only a small portion of chronic disease incidence can be attributed to genetic causes, and the field of exposomics provides an opportunity to explore the impact of environmental exposures on kidney disease. The environment plays a significant role in lifestyle choices and the stressors or exposures the body encounters throughout life.

Genomic Science-From 2001 to Present Day: What School Nurses Need to Know.

Genetic science has made remarkable advances in the 21st century. As genetic and genomic sciences continue to expand, school nurses will become thoroughly immersed in data, information, and technology. As new diseases, treatments, and therapies are discovered, school nurses will need to implement and assess best practices for the complex and medically fragile student population.