'Excellent for mind,body and spirit': Participant, facilitator, and community stakeholder experiences of Music and Movement for Health.

Background And Purpose: Arts-based interventions are an emerging area of interest in health research for older adults. Music and Movement for Health (MMH) is one such systematically developed interdisciplinary arts-based intervention designed to enhance health and wellbeing of older adults. The objective of this qualitative study was to explore the opinions and experiences of participants, facilitators, and community stakeholders of the MMH intervention.

The Effects of Chronic Psychostimulant Administration on Bone Health: A Review.

(1) Background: Methylphenidate (MP) and amphetamine (AMP) are psychostimulants that are widely prescribed to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. In recent years, 6.1 million children received an ADHD diagnosis, and nearly 2/3 of these children were prescribed psychostimulants for treatment.

Does hydrogen peroxide help mitigate the incidence of in cervical spine surgeries?

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is a common yet serious complication of cervical spine surgery. While initially thought to be clinically insignificant, ( is an important cause of infection. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of a hydrogen peroxide (HO) application during standard presurgical skin preparation to reduce the burden of in patients undergoing cervical spine surgery.

Does Bone Morphogenetic Protein Use Reduce Pseudarthrosis Rates in Single-Level Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgeries?

Background: Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2, or BMP for short) is a popular biological product used in spine surgeries to promote fusion and avoid the morbidity associated with iliac crest autograft. BMP's effect on pseudarthrosis in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) remains unknown.

Objective: To assess the rates of pseudarthrosis in single-level TLIF with and without concurrent use of BMP.

Psychostimulants prescribed to children for ADHD following distal radius fractures significantly reduce bone density as a function of duration.

Methylphenidate and mixed amphetamine salts (MAS) are psychostimulant medications widely prescribed for various psychiatric disorders. Although these medications are known to adversely impact bone mineral content and density, as well as biomechanical integrity during skeletal development in rats, their effect on bone density in children remains largely unknown. The primary aim of this work was to investigate the effects of methylphenidate and MAS on bone density following distal radius fractures in pediatric populations, and secondarily assess any impact on healing.

Outcomes of importance to people with multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and stroke following a falls prevention intervention: a qualitative study to inform a core outcome set.

Falls are a major issue for people with neurological conditions, and the evaluation of falls prevention interventions is of high priority. To date, the views of patient groups regarding outcomes of importance have been largely overlooked. The purpose of this study was to explore outcomes of interest among people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease (PD) and stroke upon completion of falls prevention interventions to inform the development of a core outcome set (COS).

Adaptation and External Validation of Pathogenic Urine Culture Prediction in Primary Care Using Machine Learning.

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) symptoms are common in primary care, but antibiotics are appropriate only when an infection is present. Urine culture is the reference standard test for infection, but results take >1 day. A machine learning predictor of urine cultures showed high accuracy for an emergency department (ED) population but required urine microscopy features that are not routinely available in primary care (the NeedMicro classifier).

Lateral decubitus single position anterior posterior surgery improves operative efficiency, improves perioperative outcomes, and maintains radiological outcomes comparable with traditional anterior posterior fusion at minimum 2-year follow-up.

Background Context: The advantages of lateral single position surgery (LSPS) in the perioperative period has previously been demonstrated, however 2-year postoperative outcomes of this novel technique have not yet been compared to circumferential anterior-posterior fusion (FLIP) at 2-years postoperatively.

Purpose: Evaluate the safety and efficacy of LSPS versus gold-standard FLIP STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: Multicenter retrospective cohort review.

Patient Sample: Four hundred forty-two patients undergoing lumbar fusion via LSPS or FLIP OUTCOME MEASURES: Levels fused, operative time, estimated blood loss, perioperative complications, and reasons for reoperation at 30-days, 90-days, 1-year, and 2-years.

Architecture for integrated RF photonic downconversion of electronic signals.

Electronic analog to digital converters (ADCs) are running up against the well-known bit depth versus bandwidth trade off. Towards this end, radio frequency (RF) photonic-enhanced ADCs have been the subject of interest for some time. Optical frequency comb technology has been used as a workhorse underlying many of these architectures.

Expanded central role of the respiratory physiotherapists in the community setting.

The development of community hubs through the Slaintecare initiative will rely on respiratory physiotherapists and clinical nurse specialists for the management of chronic respiratory diseases. The role of the respiratory physiotherapist has evolved dramatically over the last decade. We review the increasing scope of practice of the physiotherapist and the evidence base for same.

Protocol for the development of a core outcome set for evaluating mixed-diagnosis falls prevention interventions for people with Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson's Disease and stroke.

Given the high incidence of falls and their associated negative effects, the development of effective falls prevention interventions for people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's Disease (PD) and stroke is a priority. Currently the implementation of condition-specific falls prevention interventions is challenging in the community due to lack of participants and resources. Given the similarities in falls risk factors across stroke, PD and MS, the design of mixed-diagnosis interventions for groups comprising of people with these three neurological conditions may solve these implementation challenges.

Lateral decubitus single position anterior-posterior (AP) fusion shows equivalent results to minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion at one-year follow-up.

Purpose: This study compares perioperative and 1-year outcomes of lateral decubitus single position circumferential fusion (L-SPS) versus minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS TLIF) for degenerative pathologies.

Methods: Multicenter retrospective chart review of patients undergoing AP fusion with L-SPS or MIS TLIF. Demographics and clinical and radiographic outcomes were compared using independent samples t tests and chi-squared analyses with significance set at p < 0.

Social Support in Older Adults With CKD: A Report From the CRIC (Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort) Study.

Rationale & Objective: Social support in older adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a potentially modifiable factor that may affect important clinical outcomes such as health-related quality of life, cognitive function, and frailty. However, limited data about the effects of social support in older patients with non-dialysis-dependent CKD exist. Our objective was to evaluate the association of social support with health-related quality of life, cognitive function, and frailty in older adults with CKD.

Effectiveness of interventions to prevent falls for people with multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and stroke: an umbrella review.

Background: The implementation of condition-specific falls prevention interventions is proving challenging due to lack of critical mass and resources. Given the similarities in falls risk factors across stroke, Parkinson's Disease (PD) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS), the development of an intervention designed for groups comprising of people with these three neurological conditions may provide a pragmatic solution to these challenges. The aims of this umbrella review were to investigate the effectiveness of falls prevention interventions in MS, PD and stroke, and to identify the commonalities and differences between effective interventions for each condition to inform the development of an intervention for mixed neurological groups.

Development of the Better Balance Program for People with Multiple Sclerosis: A Complex Fall-Prevention Intervention.

Background: Approximately 56% of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) will fall in any 3-month period, with the potential for physical, psychological, and social consequences. Fall-prevention research for people with MS is in its infancy, with a timely need to develop theory-based interventions that reflect the complexity of falls. The clear articulation of the development of any complex intervention is paramount to its future evaluation, usability, and effectiveness.

Not Frail and Elderly: How Invasive Can We Go in This Different Type of Adult Spinal Deformity Patient?

Study Design: Retrospective review of a single-center spine database.

Objective: Investigate the intersections of chronological age and physiological age via frailty to determine the influence of surgical invasiveness on patient outcomes.

Summary Of Background Data: Frailty is a well-established factor in preoperative risk stratification and prediction of postoperative outcomes.

Significant Variation in Blood Transfusion Practice Persists Following Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Surgery.

Study Design: Retrospective case control study.

Objective: To review current transfusion practise following Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) surgery and assess risks of complication from transfusion in this cohort.

Summary Of Background Data: No study to date has investigated variation in blood transfusion practices across surgeons and hospitals following AIS surgery.

Is There Value in Venous Thromboembolism Chemoprophylaxis After Pediatric Scoliosis Surgery? A 28-Year Single Center Study.

Background: With a recognized increase in the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in children, especially in those with complex, chronic conditions, it is important for patient safety and risk management to identify subgroups that would benefit from prophylactic treatment. The aim of our study was to assess whether scoliosis surgery in children was associated with an increased incidence of VTE, including deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism, and if chemoprophylaxis is warranted.

Methods: We reviewed our institution's Pediatric Orthopaedic Spine Database (1992-2019) to identify patients who had a symptomatic VTE postoperatively.

Effectiveness of non-pharmacological falls prevention interventions for people with Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson's Disease and stroke: protocol for an umbrella review.

Falls are common among people with neurological diseases and have many negative physical, psychosocial and economic consequences. Implementation of single-diagnosis falls prevention interventions is currently problematic due to lack of participants and resources. Given the similarities in falls risk factors across stroke, Parkinson's Disease (PD) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS), the development of an intervention designed for mixed neurological populations seems plausible and may provide a pragmatic solution to current implementation challenges.

Patient Outcomes After Single-level Coflex Interspinous Implants Versus Single-level Laminectomy.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort analysis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare postoperative outcomes of Coflex interspinous device versus laminectomy.

Summary Of Background Data: Coflex Interlaminar Stabilization device (CID) is indicated for one- or two-level lumbar stenosis with grade 1 stable spondylolisthesis in adult patients, as an alternative to laminectomy, or laminectomy and fusion.

Expandable cages increase the risk of intraoperative subsidence but do not improve perioperative outcomes in single level transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.

Background Context: Expandable cages (EXP) are being more frequently utilized in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusions (TLIF). EXP were designed to reduce complications related to neurological retraction, enable better lordosis restoration, and improve ease of insertion, particularly in the advent of minimally invasive surgical (MIS) techniques, however they are exponentially more expensive than the nonexpandable (NE) alternative.

Purpose: To investigate the clinical results of expandable cages in single level TLIF.

What patient factors and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System domains are associated with worse pain coping in pediatric orthopaedic patients in the United States?

We sought to better understand the relationship between Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) mobility, pain interference (PI) and depressive symptoms scores, as well as determine what patient factors and PROMIS domains were associated with worse pain coping (PROMIS PI), in a pediatric orthopaedic population. Between 27 August 2015 and 30 April 2019, new pediatric orthopaedic patients 18 years or younger (or their guardians as a proxy) were asked to complete PROMIS mobility, PI and depressive symptoms domains at an academic medical center pediatric orthopaedic clinic. Pearson correlation coefficients (r) were calculated between each PROMIS domain.