Resilience-runtime tradeoff relations for quantum algorithms.

A leading approach to algorithm design aims to minimize the number of operations in an algorithm's compilation. One intuitively expects that reducing the number of operations may decrease the chance of errors. This paradigm is particularly prevalent in quantum computing, where gates are hard to implement and noise rapidly decreases a quantum computer's potential to outperform classical computers.

Single-nuclei multiome ATAC and RNA sequencing reveals the molecular basis of thermal plasticity in embryos.

Embryogenesis is remarkably robust to temperature variability, yet there is limited understanding of the homeostatic mechanisms that offset thermal effects during early development. Here, we measured the thermal acclimation response of upper thermal limits and profiled chromatin state and the transcriptome of embryos (Bownes Stage 11) using single-nuclei multiome ATAC and RNA sequencing. We report that thermal acclimation, while preserving a common set of primordial cell types, rapidly shifted the upper thermal limit.

The effect of calcium supplementation on bone calcium balance and calcium and bone metabolism during load carriage in women: a randomised controlled crossover trial.

Calcium supplementation before exercise attenuates the decrease in serum calcium and increase in PTH and bone resorption. This study investigated the effect of calcium supplementation on calcium and bone metabolism during load carriage in women. Forty-eight women completed two load carriage sessions (load carriage 1 n = 48; load carriage 2 n = 40) (12.

Synaptic modulation of glutamate in striatum of the YAC128 mouse model of Huntington disease.

Background: Altered balance between striatal direct and indirect pathways contributes to early motor, cognitive and psychiatric symptoms in Huntington disease (HD). While degeneration of striatal D2-type dopamine receptor (D2)-expressing indirect pathway medium spiny neurons (iMSNs) occurs prior to that of D1-type dopamine receptor (D1)-expressing direct pathway neurons, altered corticostriatal synaptic function precedes degeneration. D2-mediated signaling on iMSNs reduces their excitability and promotes endocannabinoid (eCB) synthesis, suppressing glutamate release from cortical afferents.

An optical brain-machine interface reveals a causal role of posterior parietal cortex in goal-directed navigation.

Cortical circuits contain diverse sensory, motor, and cognitive signals, and form densely recurrent networks. This creates challenges for identifying causal relationships between neural populations and behavior. We developed a calcium imaging-based brain-machine interface (BMI) to study the role of posterior parietal cortex (PPC) in controlling navigation in virtual reality.

Hormonal Contraceptive Use and Physical Performance, Body Composition, and Musculoskeletal Injuries during Military Training.

Purpose: To investigate associations between hormonal contraceptive use and physical performance, body composition, and musculoskeletal injuries in basic military training.Methods: Female British Army recruits (n = 450) were grouped as non-users (n = 182), combined oral contraceptive users (COCP; n = 184), or progestin-only users (POC; n = 144). Physical performance (2.

MSKI reduction strategies: evidence-based interventions to reduce musculoskeletal injuries in military service members.

Musculoskeletal injuries (MSKI) are one of the biggest challenges for military services globally, contributing to substantial financial burdens and lost training and working days. Effective evidence-based intervention strategies are essential to reduce MSKI incidence, and research has shown the positive effect of both nutritional interventions and physical training (PT) interventions on reducing MSKI incidence. Levels of vitamin D metabolites have been associated with MSKI and bone stress fracture risk, while calcium and vitamin D supplementation has been shown to reduce the incidence of stress fractures during military training.

Heat tolerance, oxidative stress response tuning and robust gene activation in early-stage embryos.

In organisms with complex life cycles, life stages that are most susceptible to environmental stress may determine species persistence in the face of climate change. Early embryos of are particularly sensitive to acute heat stress, yet tropical embryos have higher heat tolerance than temperate embryos, suggesting adaptive variation in embryonic heat tolerance. We compared transcriptomic responses to heat stress among tropical and temperate embryos to elucidate the gene regulatory basis of divergence in embryonic heat tolerance.

Effect of Menstrual Cycle and Hormonal Contraception on Musculoskeletal Health and Performance: Protocol for a Prospective Cohort Design and Cross-Sectional Comparison.

Background: Women of reproductive age experience cyclical variation in the female sex steroid hormones 17β-estradiol and progesterone during the menstrual cycle that is attenuated by some hormonal contraceptives. Estrogens perform a primary function in sexual development and reproduction but have nonreproductive effects on bone, muscle, and sinew tissues (ie, ligaments and tendons), which may influence injury risk and physical performance.

Objective: The purpose of the study is to understand the effect of the menstrual cycle and hormonal contraceptive use on bone and calcium metabolism, and musculoskeletal health and performance.

Physiological characteristics predictive of passing military physical employment standard tasks for ground close combat occupations in men and women.

Challenges for some women meeting the physical employment standards (PES) for ground close combat (GCC) roles stem from physical fitness and anthropometric characteristics. The purpose of this study was to identify the modifiable and nonmodifiable characteristics predictive of passing GCC-based PES tasks and determine the modifiable characteristics suitable to overcome nonmodifiable limitations. 107 adults (46 women) underwent multiday testing assessing regional and total lean mass (LM), percent body fat (BF%), aerobic capacity (V̇O), strength, power, and PES performance.

Iron status is associated with tibial structure and vitamin D metabolites in healthy young men.

The influence of iron on collagen synthesis and vitamin D metabolism has implications for bone health. This cross-sectional observational study investigated associations between markers of iron status and tibial structure, vitamin D metabolites, and circulating biochemical markers of bone metabolism in young healthy men. A total of 343 male British Army recruits participated (age 22 ± 3 y, height 1.

Circulating extracellular vesicle characteristics differ between men and women following 12 weeks of concurrent exercise training.

Concurrent resistance and endurance exercise training (CET) has well-studied benefits; however, inherent hormonal and genetic differences alter adaptive responses to exercise between sexes. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are factors that contribute to adaptive signaling. Our purpose was to test if EV characteristics differ between men and women following CET.

Age-related changes in species-typical behaviours in the 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease from 4 to 16 months of age.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients show age-related decreases in the ability to perform activities of daily living and the decline in these activities is related to the severity of neurobiological deterioration underlying the disease. The 5xFAD mouse model of AD shows age-related impairments in sensory- motor and cognitive function, but little is known about changes in species-typical behaviours that may model activities of daily living in AD patients. Therefore, we examined species-typical behaviours used as indices of exploration (rearing) and compulsivity (grooming) across six tests of anxiety-like behaviour or motor function in female 5xFAD mice from 3 to 16 months of age.

Skeletal muscle adaptations to high-intensity, low-volume concurrent resistance and interval training in recreationally active men and women.

This study compared the structural and cellular skeletal muscle factors underpinning adaptations in maximal strength, power, aerobic capacity, and lean body mass to a 12-week concurrent resistance and interval training program in men and women. Recreationally active women and men completed three training sessions per week consisting of high-intensity, low-volume resistance training followed by interval training performed using a variety upper and lower body exercises representative of military occupational tasks. Pre- and post-training vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were analyzed for changes in muscle fiber type, cross-sectional area, capillarization, and mitochondrial biogenesis marker content.

Structural insights into IMP2 dimerization and RNA binding.

IGF2BP2 (IMP2) is an RNA-binding protein that contributes to cancer tumorigenesis and metabolic disorders. Structural studies focused on individual IMP2 domains have provided important mechanistic insights into IMP2 function; however, structural information on full-length IMP2 is lacking but necessary to understand how to target IMP2 activity in drug discovery. In this study, we investigated the behavior of full-length IMP2 and the influence of RNA binding using biophysical and structural methods including mass photometry, hydrogen-deuterium exchange coupled to mass spectrometry (HDX-MS), and small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS).

Spontaneous Heterotopic Cesarean Scar Triplet Gestation Following Uterine Ablation.

Heterotopic triplet pregnancy, cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy, and pregnancy following uterine ablation are all rare events that confer significant morbidity including spontaneous abortion, intrauterine fetal demise, preterm labor, abnormal placentation, and uterine rupture. A woman in her 30s, G6P4014, with a history of uterine ablation presented with delayed menses and vaginal spotting with imaging showing two intrauterine pregnancies (one with cardiac activity) and one live pregnancy at the cesarean scar. The patient was extensively counseled on risk to her and to the pregnancies; treatment options were discussed including expectant management and termination of pregnancy.