The Lucy Thermal Emission Spectrometer (L'TES) Instrument.

The Lucy Thermal Emission Spectrometer (L'TES) will provide remote measurements of the thermophysical properties of the Trojan asteroids studied by the Lucy mission. L'TES is build-to-print hardware copy of the OTES instrument flown on OSIRIS-REx. It is a Fourier Transform spectrometer covering the spectral range 5.

E-Cigarette Use, Small Airway Fibrosis, and Constrictive Bronchiolitis.

Background: Vaping, including the use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), has become increasingly prevalent, yet the associated long-term health risks are largely unknown. Given the prevalence of use, particularly among adolescents early in their lifespan, it is vital to understand the potential chronic pathologic sequelae of vaping.

Methods: We present the cases of four patients with chronic lung disease associated with e-cigarette use characterized by clinical evaluation, with pulmonary function tests (PFTs), chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), endobronchial optical coherence tomography (EB-OCT) imaging, and histopathologic assessment.

Cardiology Assessment of Patients Undergoing Evaluation for Orthotopic Liver Transplantation.

Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is a viable treatment option for end-stage liver disease. Significant perioperative stress is placed on the cardiovascular system because of hemodynamic changes and the length of the operation. Diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease before OLT are imperative to ensure favorable outcomes.

CO laser heating system for in situ radial x-ray absorption at 16-BM-D at the Advanced Photon Source.

We present a portable CO laser heating system for in situ x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) studies at 16-BM-D (High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory). Back scattering optical measurements are made possible by the implementation of a Ge beamsplitter. Optical pyrometry is conducted in the near-infrared, and our temperature measurements are free of chromatic aberration due to the implementation of the peak-scaling method [A.

A Virtual Community of Practice: An International Educational Series in Pediatric Neurocritical Care.

Pediatric neurocritical care (PNCC) is a rapidly growing field. Challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic on trainee exposure to educational opportunities involving direct patient care led to the creative solutions for virtual education supported by guiding organizations such as the Pediatric Neurocritical Care Research Group (PNCRG). Our objective is to describe the creation of an international, peer-reviewed, online PNCC educational series targeting medical trainees and faculty.

Understanding Physician Work and Well-being Through Social Network Modeling Using Electronic Health Record Data: a Cohort Study.

Background: Understanding association between factors related to clinical work environment and well-being can inform strategies to improve physicians' work experience.

Objective: To model and quantify what drivers of work composition, team structure, and dynamics are associated with well-being.

Design: Utilizing social network modeling, this cohort study of physicians in an academic health center examined inbasket messaging data from 2018 to 2019 to identify work composition, team structure, and dynamics features.

Understanding physicians' work via text analytics on EHR inbox messages.

Objectives: To develop a text analytics methodology to analyze in a refined manner the drivers of primary care physicians' (PCPs') electronic health record (EHR) inbox work.

Study Design: This study used 1 year (2018) of EHR inbox messages obtained from the Epic system for 184 PCPs from 18 practices.

Methods: An advanced text analytics latent Dirichlet allocation model was trained on physicians' inbox message texts to identify the different work themes managed by physicians and their relative share of workload across physicians and clinics.

The Emirates Mars Mission (EMM) Emirates Mars InfraRed Spectrometer (EMIRS) Instrument.

The Emirates Mars Mission Emirates Mars Infrared Spectrometer (EMIRS) will provide remote measurements of the martian surface and lower atmosphere in order to better characterize the geographic and diurnal variability of key constituents (water ice, water vapor, and dust) along with temperature profiles on sub-seasonal timescales. EMIRS is a FTIR spectrometer covering the range from 6.0-100+ μm (1666-100 cm) with a spectral sampling as high as 5 cm and a 5.

Optical and electronic solutions for power stabilization of CO lasers.

High pressure-temperature conditions can be readily achieved through the laser-heated diamond anvil cell (LH-DAC). A stable laser source is required for reliable in situ measurements of the sample, as the sample is small with a thermal time constant of the order of microseconds. Here, we show that the power instabilities typical of CO gas lasers used in LH-DAC's are ±5% at the second timescale and ∼±50% at the microsecond timescale.

Effects of a New Hospital-Wide Surgical Consultation Protocol in Patients with Clostridium difficile Colitis.

Background: Fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis (fCDC) occurs in 2%-8% of patients with CDC and carries a high death rate. Prompt operation may reduce death. Our aim was to determine whether a standardized hospital-wide protocol for surgical referral in CDC would result in earlier surgical consultation, earlier identification of patients who could benefit from surgical therapy, and reduced deaths from fCDC.

Implementation of a Computerized Order Entry Tool to Reduce the Inappropriate and Unnecessary Use of Cardiac Stress Tests With Imaging in Hospitalized Patients.

The rising use of imaging cardiac stress tests has led to potentially unnecessary testing. Interventions designed to reduce inappropriate stress testing have focused on the ambulatory setting. We developed a computerized order entry tool intended to reduce the use of imaging cardiac stress tests and improve appropriate use in hospitalized patients.

A triad of linezolid toxicity: hypoglycemia, lactic acidosis, and acute pancreatitis.

We present a case of suspected linezolid toxicity in a 34-year-old man with sickle cell disease and line-related vancomycin-resistant enterococcal bacteremia and tricuspid valve endocarditis. The patient developed sudden-onset hypoglycemia, lactic acidosis, and acute pancreatitis 11 days after initiation of linezolid. All adverse effects quickly resolved with drug cessation.

Pulmonary hypertension is a manifestation of congestive heart failure and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in octogenarians with severe aortic stenosis.

Previous studies have suggested that pulmonary hypertension (PH) in severe aortic stenosis (AS) is a risk factor for operative mortality with aortic valve replacement (AVR). Conversely, others have shown that patients with AS and PH extract a large symptomatic and survival benefit from AVR compared with those patients not treated surgically. We sought to evaluate the prevalence, severity, and mechanism of PH in an elderly patient cohort with severe AS.

Application of appropriate use criteria to cardiac stress testing in the hospital setting: limitations of the criteria and areas for improved practice.

Background: Imaging cardiac stress test use has risen significantly, leading to the development of appropriate use criteria. Prior studies have suggested the rate of inappropriate testing is 13% to 14%, but inappropriate testing in hospitalized patients has not been well studied.

Hypothesis: Appropriate use of stress testing in hospitalized patients is not comparable to the ambulatory setting.

Estimation of oxygen consumption in elderly patients with aortic stenosis.

Background: Invasive evaluation of aortic stenosis requires measuring cardiac output. With the Fick equation, a measure of oxygen consumption (VO₂) is required. Standard equations for estimating VO₂ were derived in younger and healthier populations than the ones referred for possible transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Augmenting communication and decision making in the intensive care unit with a cardiopulmonary resuscitation video decision support tool: a temporal intervention study.

Objective: Effective communication between intensive care unit (ICU) providers and families is crucial given the complexity of decisions made regarding goals of therapy. Using video images to supplement medical discussions is an innovative process to standardize and improve communication. In this six-month, quasi-experimental, pre-post intervention study we investigated the impact of a cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) video decision support tool upon knowledge about CPR among surrogate decision makers for critically ill adults.

Comparison of invasive and noninvasive assessment of aortic stenosis severity in the elderly.

Background: Aortic valve area (AVA) in aortic stenosis (AS) can be assessed noninvasively or invasively, typically with similar results. These techniques have not been validated in elderly patients, where common assumptions make them most prone to error. Accurate assessment of AVA is crucial to determine which patients are appropriate candidates for aortic valve replacement.

Improving the discharge process by embedding a discharge facilitator in a resident team.

Background: Hospital discharges are vulnerable periods for patient safety, especially in teaching hospitals where discharges are done by residents with competing demands. We sought to assess whether embedding a nurse practitioner on a medical team to help physicians with the discharge process would improve communication, patient follow-up, and hospital reutilization.

Methods: A 5-month randomized controlled trial was conducted on the medical service at an academic tertiary-care hospital.