The complete mitochondrial genome of the black surfperch, Embiotoca jacksoni: Selection and substitution rates among surfperches (Embiotocidae).

The complete 16,515bp nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial genome was determined for the black surfperch, Embiotoca jacksoni (Perciformes: Embiotocidae). The black surfperch mitochondrial genome contains 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and the non-coding control region (D-loop), the gene order of which is identical to that observed in most vertebrates. The protein-coding gene sequences of E.

First Report of cfr-Carrying Plasmids in the Pandemic Sequence Type 22 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec Type IV Clone.

Linezolid is often the drug of last resort for serious methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. Linezolid resistance is mediated by mutations in 23S rRNA and genes for ribosomal proteins; cfr, encoding phenicol, lincosamide, oxazolidinone, pleuromutilin, and streptogramin A (PhLOPSA) resistance; its homologue cfr(B); or optrA, conferring oxazolidinone and phenicol resistance. Linezolid resistance is rare in S.

Long-term Outcomes of Titanium Ossiculoplasty in Chronic Otitis Media.

Objective: The primary objective is to report long-term hearing outcomes (>2 years) after titanium ossiculoplasty in patients with chronic otitis media.

Study Design: Case series with chart review.

Setting: Tertiary care hospital.

Lateral Skull Base Attenuation in Patients with Anterior Cranial Fossa Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks.

Objective: (1) Determine if patients with anterior fossa spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (SCSF) leaks demonstrate lateral skull base bone attenuation. (2) Examine the relation between body mass index (BMI; kg/m(2)) and skull base thickness.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

95% prevalence of abnormality on hip MRI in elite academy level rugby union: A clinical and imaging study of hip disorders.

Objectives: To identify the prevalence of hip disorders in elite level academy rugby union players using clinical and radiological investigation comparing findings to active controls.

Design: Cross-sectional, controlled study.

Methods: Participants were assessed clinically using validated questionnaire (HAGOS) and physical testing procedures.

The Emergence and Spread of Multiple Livestock-Associated Clonal Complex 398 Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Strains among Animals and Humans in the Republic of Ireland, 2010-2014.

Clonal complex (CC) 398 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) are associated with carriage and infection among animals and humans but only a single case of CC398 MRSA has been reported in the Republic of Ireland (ROI). The present study investigated the molecular epidemiology of CC398 MRSA (n = 22) and MSSA (n = 10) from animals and humans in the ROI from 2010-2014.

Chromosome-scale shotgun assembly using an in vitro method for long-range linkage.

Long-range and highly accurate de novo assembly from short-read data is one of the most pressing challenges in genomics. Recently, it has been shown that read pairs generated by proximity ligation of DNA in chromatin of living tissue can address this problem, dramatically increasing the scaffold contiguity of assemblies. Here, we describe a simpler approach ("Chicago") based on in vitro reconstituted chromatin.

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased human sinonasal fibroblast proliferation in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Background: Vitamin D3 (VD3) is a steroid hormone with known antiproliferative properties. Patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) have been shown to be VD3-deficient. Moreover, VD3 deficiency is associated with worse disease in patients with CRSwNP.

Evaluation of commercial chromogenic media for the detection of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Background: Selective chromogenic media allowing one-step meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolation and identification are widely used. However, the changing epidemiology of MRSA means that the suitability of these chromogenic media requires investigation.

Aim: To evaluate the following chromogenic media - Colorex MRSA, MRSA Select II, ChromID MRSA, and MRSA Brilliance 2 - for the detection of divergent strain types.

Ossiculoplasty With Titanium Prostheses in Patients With Intact Stapes: Comparison of TORP Versus PORP.

Objectives: Inferior rotation of the stapes or a small middle ear cleft can make placement of partial ossicular replacement prostheses (PORP) challenging. This study examines outcomes of total titanium prosthesis (TORP) ossiculoplasty in such patients and compares the results to PORPs.

Study Design: Review of prospective database.

Enhanced Tracking of Nosocomial Transmission of Endemic Sequence Type 22 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Type IV Isolates among Patients and Environmental Sites by Use of Whole-Genome Sequencing.

Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of 41 patient and environmental sequence type 22 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec type IV (ST22-MRSA-IV) isolates recovered over 6 weeks in one acute hospital ward in Dublin, Ireland, where ST22-MRSA IV is endemic, revealed 228 pairwise combinations differing by <40 single nucleotide variants corresponding to potential cross-transmission events (CTEs). In contrast, 15 pairwise combinations of isolates representing five CTEs were previously identified by conventional molecular epidemiological typing. WGS enhanced ST22-MRSA-IV tracking and highlighted potential transmission of MRSA via the hospital environment.

Comparative Genotypes, Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) Genes and Antimicrobial Resistance amongst Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus haemolyticus Isolates from Infections in Humans and Companion Animals.

This study compares the characteristics of Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE) and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (SH) isolates from epidemiologically unrelated infections in humans (Hu) (28 SE-Hu; 8 SH-Hu) and companion animals (CpA) (12 SE-CpA; 13 SH-CpA). All isolates underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing, multilocus sequence typing and DNA microarray profiling to detect antimicrobial resistance and SCCmec-associated genes. All methicillin-resistant (MR) isolates (33/40 SE, 20/21 SH) underwent dru and mecA allele typing.

Fibroblast levels are increased in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and are associated with worse subjective disease severity.

Background: Fibroblasts are implicated in tissue remodeling and recruitment of inflammatory cells in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Populations of fibroblasts remain unquantified in CRS subtypes. The objectives of this study were to measure fibroblast populations in subtypes of CRS, and to investigate the association between fibroblasts and disease severity.

Fear and overprotection in Australian residential aged-care facilities: The inadvertent impact of regulation on quality continence care.

Aim: Most residents in residential aged-care facilities are incontinent. This study explored how continence care was provided in residential aged-care facilities, and describes a subset of data about staffs' beliefs and experiences of the quality framework and the funding model on residents' continence care.

Methods: Using grounded theory methodology, 18 residential aged-care staff members were interviewed and 88 hours of field observations conducted in two facilities.

The Relation between Obesity and Hospital Length of Stay after Elective Lateral Skull Base Surgery: An Analysis of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program.

Purpose: Length of stay is a marker of quality and efficiency of health care delivery. The objective of this study was to identify preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables that impact length of stay after lateral skull base surgery. Methods/Procedures: The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) databases from 2009-2012 were analyzed, and patients undergoing elective lateral skull base surgery for benign lesions of cranial nerves were identified.

Obesity related complications in surgery.

Purpose Of Review: This article aims to review relevant implications of obesity and associated comorbid conditions for the otology and neurotology surgical subspecialties.

Recent Findings: Both the incidence and prevalence of obesity are rising worldwide. This condition, along with its many associated comorbidities, can adversely affect the perioperative management of patients undergoing otologic and neurotologic procedures.

Safety of cochlear implantation before 12 months of age: Medical University of South Carolina and Pediatric American College of Surgeons-National Surgical Quality improvement program outcomes.

Objectives/hypothesis: The primary objective of this study was to determine the safety profile of cochlear implantation (CI) in infants <12 months old.

Study Design: Retrospective review of institutional (Medical University of South Carolina [MUSC]) and national data (Pediatric American College of Surgeons-National Surgical Quality Improvement Program [ACS-NSQIP]).

Methods: Cases were subdivided into two groups according to age at CI: <12 months and 12 to 18 months.

A randomised controlled trial of benefit finding in caregivers: The Building Resources in Caregivers Study Protocol.

Caregivers may engage in benefit finding, that is, an increase in perceived positive growth, as a cognitive strategy for coping with stress. The Building Resources in Caregivers study will compare effects of a brief benefit finding writing intervention with a control intervention. Caregivers of people with mental and physical disabilities will be randomised into either a benefit-writing group or a neutral writing group.

Calcium Hydroxylapatite Injection for Persistent Velopharyngeal Insufficiency after Sphincter Pharyngoplasty.

Background: The role of calcium hydroxylapatite injection pharyngoplasty after failed sphincter pharyngoplasty surgery has not previously been described. We report our technique of injecting calcium hydroxylapatite into the pharyngoplasty site to add bulk to specific areas of the velopharyngeal port.

Methods: A retrospective review of children undergoing calcium hydroxylapatite injection pharyngoplasty for persistent velopharyngeal insufficiency after sphincter pharyngoplasty was performed.

Night-time continence care in Australian residential aged care facilities: findings from a grounded theory study.

Background: Continence care commonly disrupts sleep in residential aged care facilities, however, little is known about what staff do when providing continence care, and the factors that inform their practice.

Aims: To describe nurses' and personal careworkers' beliefs and experiences of providing continence care at night in residential aged care facilities.

Methods/design: Eighteen nurses and personal careworkers were interviewed about continence care, and 24 hours of observations were conducted at night in two facilities.

Multisite analysis of the timing and outcomes of unplanned transfers from subacute to acute care.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine the timing and outcomes of patients requiring an unplanned transfer from subacute to acute care.

Methods: Subacute care in-patients requiring unplanned transfer to an acute care facility within four Victorian health services from 1 January to 31 December 2010 were included in the study. Data were collected using retrospective audit.

Clinician perspectives on working with health coaches: A mixed methods approach.

We sought to understand how health coaches affect the work of primary care clinicians and influence their perception of patient care. As a mixed methods hypothesis-generating study, we administered a structured post-visit survey and conducted in-depth individual interviews with primary care clinicians who worked with health coaches at two urban community health centers. Survey responses were compared using t tests.

Efficacy of the Nance appliance as an anchorage-reinforcement method.

Introduction: The Nance appliance is widely considered to be an efficient method of anchorage reinforcement; however, much of the perceived advantage is based on clinical judgment. The aim of this study was to assess the amounts of anchorage loss and desired tooth movement associated with the Nance appliance.

Methods: The mandibular arches of 7 beagle dogs were used.