Inhibition of emotional faces in clinical and subclinical depression.

Impaired inhibition of emotional material is an important cognitive component of depression. The current aim was to determine if participants with major depression (MDD) and/or subclinical depression (dysphoria) exhibit impaired inhibition of sad faces on a face-word variant of the Stroop task. Study 1: patients with MDD (n = 28) and healthy controls (n = 32) were presented with positive and negative words superimposed across happy, sad, and neutral faces.

ThermoCyte: an inexpensive open-source temperature control system for live-cell imaging.

Live-cell imaging is a common technique in microscopy to investigate dynamic cellular behaviour and permits the accurate and relevant analysis of a wide range of cellular and tissue parameters, such as motility, cell division, wound healing responses and calcium (Ca) signalling in cell lines, primary cell cultures and preparations. Furthermore, this can occur under many experimental conditions, making live-cell imaging indispensable for biological research. Systems which maintain cells at physiological conditions outside of a CO incubator are often bulky, expensive and use proprietary components.

Effects of childhood trauma on sleep quality and stress-related variables in adulthood: evidence from two multilevel studies.

Childhood trauma has been found to have serious negative consequences for mental and physical health. However, the precise mechanisms through which trauma influences health outcomes are unclear. Childhood trauma-related disruptions to sleep in adulthood represent an important potential mechanism.

Assessing the influence of affective attitudes, demography and blood donor status on organ donor registration active decisions in opt-out systems.

In contrast to opt-in systems, relatively little is known about what influences whether or not people register a decision about organ donation in opt-out systems. We address this gap in the literature. Participants ( = 756) living in a country with opt-out consent (Wales, UK) provided information on demographics and blood donor status.

Qualitatively exploring the application of the necessity concerns framework to antenatal physical activity.

Background: Adherence to physical activity (PA) recommendations during pregnancy is low. A common reason for low adherence is concern of harm to mother and/or baby. The Necessity-Concerns Framework (NCF), is a well-established framework in medicine adherence, however it has not been used to explore adherence to antenatal PA.

Exploring non-participation in colorectal cancer screening: A systematic review of qualitative studies.

Introduction: Worldwide, colorectal cancer is a major public health issue. Despite the existence of screening programmes in many countries, global uptake remains low. This meta-ethnography aimed to analyse qualitative literature to explore attitudes towards colorectal cancer screening and reasons for non-participation in eligible people that do not participate when invited.

Increasing uptake of FIT colorectal screening: protocol for the TEMPO randomised controlled trial testing a suggested deadline and a planning tool.

Introduction: Screening can reduce deaths from colorectal cancer (CRC). Despite high levels of public enthusiasm, participation rates in population CRC screening programmes internationally remain persistently below target levels. Simple behavioural interventions such as completion goals and planning tools may support participation among those inclined to be screened but who fail to act on their intentions.

What are common barriers and helpful solutions to colorectal cancer screening? A cross-sectional survey to develop intervention content for a planning support tool.

Objective: Colorectal screening using faecal immunochemical tests (FITs) can save lives if the people invited participate. In Scotland, most people intend to complete a FIT but this is not reflected in uptake rates. Planning interventions can bridge this intention-behaviour gap.

Sturge-Weber syndrome: Case report, literature review and proposed pregnancy care plan.

The pregnancy of a 38-year-old woman with Sturge-Weber syndrome and epilepsy is described here, with safe outcome for mother and baby despite considerable controversy about peripartum care. Literature review reveals seven case reports of pregnancy in women with Sturge-Weber syndrome and there is little to guide clinicians in the management of these complex cases. A care pathway for women with Sturge-Weber syndrome that are planning pregnancy or are pregnant is proposed.

Probable COVID-19 infection is associated with subsequent poorer mental health and greater loneliness in the UK COVID-19 Mental Health and Wellbeing study.

The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with psychological distress. In addition to physical effects including fatigue and cognitive impairment, contracting COVID-19 itself may also be related to subsequent negative mental health outcomes. The present study reports data from a longitudinal, national survey of the UK adult population investigating whether contracting suspected or confirmed COVID-19 at the early stages of the pandemic (March-May 2020) was associated with poorer mental health outcomes in May/June 2020, October/November 2020 and June/July 2021.

Assessing the factors that influence the donation of a deceased family member's organs in an opt-out system for organ donation.

Rationale: Family, and sometimes longstanding friends, have considerable influence over organ donation, through agreeing or disagreeing to the donation of a deceased individual's organs. To date, most research has been undertaken within opt-in systems.

Objective: This study advances on previous research by assessing next-of-kin approval under opt-out legislation.

Information seeking, mental health and loneliness: Longitudinal analyses of adults in the UK COVID-19 mental health and wellbeing study.

Information seeking has generally been seen as an adaptive response to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, it may also result in negative outcomes on mental health. The present study tests whether reporting COVID-related information seeking throughout the pandemic is associated with subsequently poorer mental health outcomes.

Understanding Vaccine Hesitancy in Vietnamese Fish Farmers.

(1) Background: Antibiotic (AB) usage in food animals is a significant contributor to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Vaccination can reduce the over-use of AB treatment. Little is known about farmers' attitudes and beliefs about AB and vaccine usage in developing countries, especially in aquaculture.

Response to a novel, weight self-awareness plan used in a multi-component lifestyle intervention programme to reduce breast cancer risk factors in older women-Secondary analysis from the ActWELL trial.

Background: The ActWELL randomised controlled trial assessed the effectiveness of a weight management programme delivered by volunteer lifestyle coaches (LCs) in women attending breast clinics. The intervention focused on caloric intake and physical activity, utilising behavioural change techniques including a weight awareness plan (WAP). The current work is a secondary analysis of the ActWELL data and aims to examine the response to the weight self-awareness plan (used as part of the intervention programme).

Effects of COVID-19-related worry and rumination on mental health and loneliness during the pandemic: longitudinal analyses of adults in the UK COVID-19 mental health & wellbeing study.

Background: The lasting effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic are likely to be significant.

Aims: This study tracked worry and rumination levels during the pandemic and investigated whether periods with higher COVID-related worry and rumination were associated with more negative mental health and loneliness.

Methods: A quota survey design and a sampling frame that permitted recruitment of a national sample were employed.

Psychological correlates of free colorectal cancer screening uptake in a Scottish sample: a cross-sectional observational study.

Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening uptake in Scotland is 56%. This study examined whether psychological factors were associated with CRC screening uptake.

Design: Cross-sectional observational study.

Promoting smoking cessation during pregnancy: A feasibility and pilot trial of a digital storytelling intervention delivered via text-messaging.

Objective: Smoking during pregnancy causes risks to mother and infant health. We investigated the feasibility and likely success of SKIP-IT, a narrative and picture-based smoking cessation intervention delivered via text messages.

Methods: A feasibility and pilot trial.

Assessing medical mistrust in organ donation across countries using item response theory.

Although medical mistrust (MM) may be an impediment to public health interventions, no MM scale has been validated across countries and the assessment of MM has not been explored using item response theory, which allows generalisation beyond the sampled data. We aimed to determine the dimensionality of a brief MM measure across four countries through Mokken analysis and Graded Response Modelling. Analysis of 1468 participants from UK ( = 1179), Ireland ( = 191), India ( = 49) and Malaysia (n = 49) demonstrated that MM items formed a hierarchical, unidimensional measure, which is very informative about high levels of MM.

Addressing complex pharmacy consultations: methods used to develop a person-centred intervention to highlight alcohol within pharmacist reviews of medications.

Background: Alcohol is challenging to discuss, and patients may be reluctant to disclose drinking partly because of concern about being judged. This report presents an overview of the development of a medications review intervention co-produced with the pharmacy profession and with patients, which breaks new ground by seeking to give appropriate attention to alcohol within these consultations.

Methods: This intervention was developed in a series of stages and refined through conceptual discussion, literature review, observational and interview studies, and consultations with advisory groups.

Investigating the Effects of Threatening Language, Message Framing, and Reactance in Opt-Out Organ Donation Campaigns.

Background: Under opt-out organ donation policies, individuals are automatically considered to have agreed to donate their organs in the absence of a recorded opt-out decision. Growing evidence suggests that the language used within organ donation campaigns influences donor intentions and decision-making.

Purpose: As awareness campaigns to promote opt-out consent in the UK are ongoing, the objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of language and message framing used in opt-out organ donation campaigns on donor intentions and psychological reactance.