Air quality and attributable mortality among city dwellers in Kampala, Uganda: results from 4 years of continuous PM concentration monitoring using BAM 1022 reference instrument.

Background: Air pollution is a known risk factor for non-communicable diseases that causes substantial premature death globally. Rapid urban growth, burning of biomass and solid waste, unpaved sections of the road network, rising numbers of vehicles, some with highly polluting engines, contribute to the poor air quality in Kampala.

Objective: To provide evidence-based estimates of air pollution attributable mortality in Kampala city, with focus on ambient fine particulate matter (PM).

Effectiveness of Clinic-Based Patient-Led Human Papillomavirus DNA Self-Sampling among HIV-Infected Women in Uganda.

In Uganda, the uptake of cervical cancer (CC) screening services is low, at 46.7%, among HIV-infected women, and only 9% of these women adhere to annual CC screening. Some studies have evaluated the possibility of community or home-based human papillomavirus (HPV) self-collected vaginal swabs, but not clinic-based HPV self-collected vaginal swabs.

Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Challenges in Informal Settlements in Kampala, Uganda: A Qualitative Study.

Diarrhea causes 1.6 million deaths annually, including 525,000 children. Further, chronic diarrhea puts children at risk for mineral deficiencies, malnutrition, and stunting which, in turn, can result in cognitive deficits, poor performance in school, and decreased disease immunity in adulthood.

Facilitators and Barriers to HPV Self-Sampling as a Cervical Cancer Screening Option among Women Living with HIV in Rural Uganda.

: There is a paucity of studies exploring women living with HIV's (WLWH) experiences relating to human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling as cervical cancer (CC) screening approach, either at the clinic or at the home setting, using qualitative methods. Our study explored facilitators and barriers to HPV self-sampling as a CC screening approach among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women, as supported by the new WHO guidelines of using the HPV test as a screening modality. The study was guided by the health promotion model (HPM), which helps individuals achieve higher levels of well-being.

Acceptability of integration of cervical cancer screening into routine HIV care, associated factors and perceptions among HIV-infected women: a mixed methods study at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda.

Background: Integrating cervical cancer screening into routine Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) care has been endorsed as an effective strategy for increasing uptake of cervical cancer screening, facilitating early detection and treatment of pre-cancerous lesions among HIV-infected women. In Uganda, this strategy has not been implemented yet in most HIV clinics. Assessing acceptability of this intervention among HIV-infected women is of great relevance to inform implementation.

The preference of women living with HIV for the HPV self-sampling of urine at a rural HIV clinic in Uganda.

Background: Women living with HIV have a double risk of acquiring cervical cancer (CC) due to repeated human papilloma virus (HPV) infections resulting from reduced immunity, with CC screening being low at 46.7%.

Objectives: To determine the factors associated with the preference for HPV self-sampling using urine as well as establish its feasibility among women living with HIV attending a rural HIV clinic in Uganda.

Implementing hearing screening among children aged 0-59 months at established immunization clinics in Uganda: A multi-center study.

Objective: The prevalence of childhood hearing loss (HL) is high in low and middle income countries (LMICs), with many of the affected children facing communication delays and poor opportunities for education. Despite the increased advocacy for childhood hearing screening globally, Uganda has no established childhood hearing screening programs. This study set out to introduce hearing screening services by non-specialist health workers at routine immunization clinics among children aged 0-59 months and describe the prevalence and factors associated with failed hearing screening (HS) in these children.

Sexual-risk behaviours and HIV and syphilis prevalence among in- and out-of-school adolescent girls and young women in Uganda: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) are at increased risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We assessed sexual-risk behaviours and HIV and syphilis prevalence among AGYW in Uganda to inform the design of target-specific risk-reduction interventions.

Methods: This analysis utilizes data from 8,236 AGYW aged 10-24 years, collected in 20 districts, between July and August 2018.

Utilization of safe male circumcision among adult men in a fishing community in rural Uganda.

Background: In Uganda, most-at-riskpopulations(MARPs) such as fishing communities remain vulnerable to preventable HIV acquisition. Safe Male Circumcision (SMC) has been incorporated into Uganda's HIV prevention strategies. This study aimed at determining SMC utilization and associated factors among adult men in a rural fishing community in Uganda.

Continuation of subcutaneous or intramuscular injectable contraception when administered by facility-based and community health workers: findings from a prospective cohort study in Burkina Faso and Uganda.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine continuation of subcutaneous and intramuscular depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-SC and DMPA-IM) when administered by facility-based health workers in Burkina Faso and Village Health Teams (VHTs) in Uganda.

Study Design: Participants were family planning clients of health centers (Burkina Faso) or VHTs (Uganda) who had decided to initiate injectable use. Women selected DMPA-SC or DMPA-IM and study staff followed them for up to four injections (providing 12 months of pregnancy protection) to determine contraceptive continuation.

Acceptability of cervical cancer screening using visual inspection among women attending a childhood immunization clinic in Uganda.

Objective: To evaluate the acceptability and performance of cervical cancer (CC) screening using visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) integrated into a rural immunization clinic in Uganda.

Methods/materials: We conducted a cross-sectional pilot study in rural Uganda. We explored associations between women's characteristics and acceptance of VIA testing.

Determinants of utilization of a no-cost HIV transition clinic: a cross-sectional study of young adults living with HIV/AIDS.

There is minimal research that has been conducted among young adults to understand the determinants of the utilization of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) health services in this population. The purpose of this study was to explore the levels and determinants of HIV transition clinic (HTC) services utilization by young adults living with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (YALHA). The study used a cross-sectional design and quantitative methods to collect data from a sample of 379 YALHA between the ages of 15-24 years who were registered clients of an HTC in Uganda.

Antenatal syphilis screening using point-of-care testing in Sub-Saharan African countries: a cost-effectiveness analysis.

Background: Untreated syphilis in pregnancy is associated with adverse clinical outcomes for the infant. Most syphilis infections occur in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where coverage of antenatal screening for syphilis is inadequate. Recently introduced point-of-care syphilis tests have high accuracy and demonstrate potential to increase coverage of antenatal screening.

The prevalence of hearing impairment in the 6 months-5 years HIV/AIDS-positive patients attending paediatric infectious disease clinic at Mulago Hospital.

Introduction: Hearing impairment is one form of disability in children living with HIV/AIDS. It greatly interferes with their language development, communication and performance. These are stressful to the children and their caretakers.