Effects of Integrated Vector Management in the Control of Malaria Infection: An Intervention Study in a Malaria Endemic Community in Nigeria.

Background/aim: Malaria is a vector borne disease with high morbidity and mortality in endemic regions. In view to eliminating the disease, integrated vector and environmental hygiene practices have been advocated. There is paucity of studies on the effect of vector control measures on asymptomatic malaria infection which has been observed to be a reflection of malaria transmission.

An Audit of Tuberculin Skin Testing among Nigerian Children in a Tertiary Health Facility in Benin City, Nigeria.

Background: This study objective was to describe the indications for the use of Tuberculin Skin Testing (TST) and the results in order to provide information that may be useful in defining the role of TST in the investigation and control of childhood tuberculosis.

Methodology: Through a Prospective cross-sectional study an audit of TSTs carried out over a one year period (2015-2016)in a tertiary hospital was done. The indications for the TST were extracted as well as the TST readings.

Improving knowledge about breast cancer and breast self examination in female Nigerian adolescents using peer education: a pre-post interventional study.

Background: Prevention of BC of which the cornerstone is creating awareness and early detection is important in adolescents and young women because of their worse outcomes. Early detection strategies such as mammography are currently beyond the reach of most women in sub-Saharan Africa..

Effect of health seeking behaviour of caregivers on severe malaria outcome in under-fives seen in a tertiary health institution in Nigeria.

Background: Recognition of the symptoms and seeking prompt treatment in a health facility is a major means of reducing morbidity and prevention of mortality from severe malaria in under-fives.

Objectives: To document the effect of health-seeking behaviour of caregivers and severe malaria outcome in underfives seen in a tertiary health institution in Nigeria.

Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study carried out from July 2012 - June 2013.

Current State of Malaria Endemicity in Egor South-South Region, Nigeria.

Background: BACKGROUND:Existing malaria endemicity classification puts Egor, as holoendemic. Some decades after this classification, there is need to determine the current malaria endemicity of the locale using malariometric indices of asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia and spleen rates.

Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional survey involved apparently healthy school children aged 2-9 years; using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling technique.

Usefulness of Mantoux Test in BCG-Vaccinated Children without a BCG Scar.

Introduction: Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccination is an important tool for the prevention of tuberculosis especially in highly endemic countries like Nigeria. The BCG scar which develops following BCG immunization is regarded as evidence of successful vaccination. Thus, when a child fails to develop a scar there are concerns that the immunization may not have been successful.

Assessment of Use of National Guidelines for Malaria Case Management among Pediatric Resident Doctors Attending an Update Course in Benin City, Nigeria.

Introduction: The National Malaria Guideline is a veritable tool for appropriate case management of malaria. Whether the pediatric residents who are the primary caregivers of children know and make use of this guideline in their routine practice is not yet assessed.

Aim: The aim of the study is to assess the awareness of the Nigerian pediatric residents of the national guidelines for malaria case management (including antimalarial prescription for uncomplicated and severe malaria).

Haematological Parameters and Spleen Rate of Asymptomatic and Malaria Negative Children in Edo South District, Nigeria.

Background: Malaria is commonly associated with alteration in haematologic cells of infected individuals in both the acute uncomplicated and severe phases. Whether this alteration occurs in the asymptomatic phase of the disease is still being investigated.

Objectives: To examine the haematocrit, thrombocytes, and monocytes levels of children with asymptomatic malaria compared with age/sex-matched controls who are malaria parasite negative and living in a stable malaria endemic region.

A Study on Childhood Epilepsy among Traders in Benin City Nigeria.

Background: Epilepsy is a serious childhood disease associated with stigmatization in the community. Despite the deleterious effect of the disease on childhood brain growth and development, the disease is treatable.

Objective: The aim of this study is to document the knowledge of childhood epilepsy by community members using traders (market women and men in a popular market in Benin City, Nigeria) as a case study.

Effect of Peer Education on Knowledge of Human Papilloma Virus and Cervical Cancer among Female Adolescent Students in Benin City, Nigeria.

Introduction: It is well documented that Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is the cause of cervical cancer which is a major cause of morbidity and mortality especially in low- and middle-income countries. Vaccines against HPV are available. In developed countries where the vaccines have been deployed, lack of information among the target population (adolescents) is a major contributor to suboptimal uptake.

Comparison of adverse events following pentavalent and diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccines among Nigerian children.

Introduction: Adverse events following immunization (AEFI) may follow the use of any vaccine. There is thus a need for documentation of the types and prevalence of AEFIs for each vaccine and early identification of new events or those occurring at rates higher than expected. When one vaccine replaces another, it is important to document the safety of the new vaccine as well as compare to that of the old.

Impact of home-based management on malaria outcome in under-fives presenting in a tertiary health institution in Nigeria.

Background: Home-based management of malaria involves prompt delivery of effective malaria treatment at the community by untrained caregiver. The aim of this study was to document home-based treatment of suspected malaria by non-medical caregivers and to identify its health impact on malaria outcome (severe malaria prevalence, parasite load and mortality) in children (6-59 months).

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study carried out from June 2012-July 2013.

Caregivers' vector control methods and their impact on malaria outcome in under-five presenting in tertiary health institution in Nigeria.

Background And Aims: Integrated vector control especially use of insecticide-treated bed nets have been reported as effective malaria preventive strategies. This study aimed at documenting factors that influence regular use of insecticide-treated nets in under-fives and impact of vector control methods on malaria outcome (severe malaria prevalence and mortality) in under-fives presenting in a tertiary health institution in Nigeria.

Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out from June 2012 and July 2013.

Effect of introduction of pentavalent vaccine as replacement for Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis and Hepatitis B vaccines on vaccination uptake in a health facility in Nigeria.

Background: The introduction of a new vaccine into an immunization programme may affect the immunization system negatively or positively. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of the introduction of the pentavalent vaccine as replacement for DTP and Hepatitis B vaccines on timeliness, completion of the schedule and dropout rates among children attending a health facility.

Methodology: This was a retrospective cohort study which involved extracting immunization records of children attending the Institute of Child Health Child Welfare Clinic between June 2011 and May 2013.

Blood transfusion services for patients with sickle cell disease in Nigeria.

Background: Safe, timely red blood cell transfusion saves lives and chronic transfusion therapy (CTT) prevents or limits morbidities such as stroke, therefore improving quality of life of patients with sickle cell disease (SCD).

Methods: This questionnaire-based study assessed the ability of sickle cell centers in Nigeria to provide safe blood to patients with SCD between March and August 2014.

Results: Out of the 73 hospitals contacted, responses were obtained from 31.

The diagnostic value of both troponin T and creatinine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) in detecting combined renal and myocardial injuries in asphyxiated infants.

Background: Troponin T (cTnT) and Creatinine Kinase Isoenzyme (CK-MB) are both markers of myocardial injuries. However, CK-MB is also elevated in acute kidney injury.

Objective: The diagnostic value of both cTnT and cardiac CK-MB in combined myocardial and acute kidney injuries (AKI) in asphyxiated neonates was evaluated.

Asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia using rapid diagnostic test in unbooked pregnant women in rural Ondo-south district, Nigeria.

Background: Malaria is a major contributor of maternal and peri-natal morbidity and mortality. The disease may be asymptomatic despite sequestration of parasitized red blood cells in the placental micro-circulation with antecedent complications. In such condition, it may also be difficult to identify the malaria parasite by the peripheral blood film microscopy, thus the need for use of simple but reliable tool for malaria parasite diagnosis.

Intestinal helminthiasis and nutritional status of children living in orphanages in Benin City, Nigeria.

Background: Intestinal helminths are often associated with poor growth and reduced physical activities, and may worsen already compromised nutritional status of children living in orphanages.

Aims: To determine the relationship between intestinal helminthiasis and nutritional status of children living in orphanages in Benin City, Nigeria.

Setting And Design: A cross sectional study carried out from January to April 2011 in orphanages in Benin City, Nigeria.

Prevalence and intensity of intestinal helminthiasis in children living in orphanages in Benin City, Nigeria.

Background: Orphans may be envisaged to have sub-optimal care and may be predisposed to high worm burden. This study was undertaken to determine prevalence and intensity of intestinal helminthiasis in children living in orphanages in Benin City, Nigeria.

Methods: Fresh stool samples from 150 children (0-17 years) living in 10 orphanages in Benin City, were analyzed using the Kato-Katz technique for the detection of ova of helminths between January and April, 2011.

Intestinal helminthiasis in children with chronic neurological disorders in Benin City, Nigeria: intensity and behavioral risk factors.

Background: Behavioral aberrations such as nail biting, finger sucking, and pica have been postulated as risk factors that enhance helminths ova transmission. These aberrations may present commonly in children with chronic neurological disorders and predispose them to heavy intensity of intestinal helminthiasis. This comparative cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence, intensity, and behavioral risk factors for intestinal helminthiasis in children with chronic neurological disorders and apparently healthy controls.

The cost of out-patient management of chronic heart failure in children with congenital heart disease.

Objective: To evaluated the economic burden to families of managing chronic heart failure in children with congenital heart disease.

Materials And Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted over a year. The families of children with congenital heart disease who were being managed for chronic heart failure in the clinic were recruited for the study.

A 4 year review of neonatal outcome at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City.

Background: Neonatal morbidity and mortality rates reflect a nation's socio-economic status, the efficiency and effectiveness of health care services. This important indicator is useful in planning for improved healthcare delivery. A four year review of neonatal outcome was therefore conducted in the special care baby Unit (SCBU) of University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH).