The impact of diversity, equity, and inclusion on spinal research - asking different questions.

Background Context: In recent years, the field of spine surgery has seen significant advancements in surgical techniques alongside a growing emphasis on diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI).

Purpose: This paper explores the significant impact of DEI on spine surgery, recognizing its potential to drive innovation, improve patient outcomes, and address healthcare disparities.

Study Design: Review.

The Intersection of Race and Sex: A New Perspective Into Diversity Trends in Orthopaedic Surgery.

Introduction: Studies on diversity in orthopaedic surgery have exclusively examined challenges from a race or sex perspective. This study examines trends in the diversity of entering orthopaedic surgery residents from the intersection of race and sex.

Methods: The American Association of Medical Colleges was queried for individuals entering orthopaedic surgery residencies in the United States from 2001 to 2020.

Trends in Race and Sex Representation Among Entering Orthopaedic Surgery Residents: A Continued Call for Active Diversification Efforts.

Introduction: Multiple studies have analyzed the diversity of surgical subspecialties, in which orthopaedic surgery consistently lags behind in female and minority representation. This study aims to examine contemporary data on trends in sex and racial representation among entering orthopaedic surgery residents.

Methods: The American Association of Medical Colleges' Graduate Medical Education Track data set was queried for all individuals entering surgical residencies in the United States from 2001 to 2020.

Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infection of the Upper Extremity as a Manifestation of Hansen's Disease.

Hansen's disease is a well-described, largely historic infection that is caused by . Lucio's phenomenon is an aggressive, rare form of untreated lepromatous leprosy characterized by diffuse cutaneous lesions and systemic symptoms. To date, cases of necrotizing soft tissue infection in the setting of leprosy have rarely been reported in the literature.

Safety and Efficacy of Cultured/Noncultured Mesenchymal Stromal Cells without Concurrent Surgery for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

The quantity of studies investigating mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for knee osteoarthritis (OA) treatment is not restricted, unlike the amount of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that can be found in the literature. MSCs demonstrate a promising potential for safe pain relief of OA, yet indeterminate conclusions prevail due to heterogeneous reporting and study design. By evaluating PubMed and ScienceDirect for RCTs that describe patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and adverse events (AEs), we investigate safety and efficacy of MSCs for knee OA unaccompanied by adjuvant surgical intervention.

Arthroscopic Vastus Elevation (AVE) for Arthrofibrosis of the Knee: Surgical Technique and Literature Review.

Arthrofibrosis of the knee continues to challenge Orthopaedic surgeons. With a wide etiology, lack of knee motion can be debilitating. Its surgical management has several complications.

Bacterial Septic Arthritis of the Adult Native Knee Joint: A Review.

» Acute bacterial septic arthritis of the knee is an orthopaedic emergency and, if left untreated, can result in substantial joint degradation. » Important risk factors for development of septic arthritis include age of >60 years, recent bacteremia, diabetes, cancer, cirrhosis, renal disease, drug or alcohol abuse, a history of corticosteroid injection, a recent injury or surgical procedure, a prosthetic joint, and a history of rheumatoid arthritis. » The diagnosis is primarily based on history and clinical presentation of a red, warm, swollen, and painful joint with limited range of motion.

Sustaining engagement and partnership: model of enhancing cultural capital among nonaffiliated IRB members.

Although federal regulations require the presence of at least one nonaffiliated member on the roster of an institutional review board (IRB), little research exists about how to foster their participation and satisfaction. Guided by principles of justice and diversity, the Kaiser Permanente Southern California IRB adapted the sociological concept of "cultural capital" to develop training and support with its nonaffiliated IRB members. Using in-depth qualitative interviews with four past and current nonaffiliated IRB members, we describe how our initial and ongoing activities enhanced their ability to analyze, communicate, and complete the ethical review of research.

Clopidogrel: is a surgical delay necessary in fractured neck of femur?

Introduction: This paper assesses the outcomes of patients after surgery for a proximal femur fracture while on clopidogrel. It describes a single-centre retrospective observational study over a two-year period.

Patients And Methods: A total of 31 surgical patients were included in this study.

New house or new limbs?!

We describe a rare case of end-stage haemophiliac joint disease with inhibitors to factor VIII. Using recombinant factor VIIa treatment, the patient was able to undergo major orthopaedic procedures not previously possible. Although the estimated cost of putting this patient through surgery, prosthetic fitting and rehabilitation is close to pound 500,000, we hope his overall care requirements will be reduced following the successful surgery and that he will require considerably less in the way of analgesics with an improved independent quality of life for many years.

MRI of fractures of the distal radius: comparison with conventional radiographs.

Objective: To compare the evaluation of fractures of the distal radius with MRI and conventional radiographs. To demonstrate the ability of MRI to detect unsuspected soft tissue derangement accompanying this common injury.

Design And Patients: Twenty-one consecutive inpatients admitted following fracture of the distal radius underwent preoperative evaluation with both conventional radiographs and MRI.

The phenomenology of attention. 2. Brightness and contrast.

The effect of attention on perceived brightness and contrast was investigated in eight experiments. Attention was manipulated by engaging observers in an attention-demanding concurrent task (letter detection) or by directing attention to a location with a peripheral cue. In all of the dual-task manipulations, attention reduced the variability of responses.

The Phenomenology of Attention.

The effect of attention on perceived brightness and contrast was investigated in eight experiments. Attention was manipulated by engaging observers in an attention-demanding concurrent task (letter detection) or by directing attention to a location with a peripheral cue. In all of the dual-task manipulations, attention reduced the variability of responses.