Genotyping of foot-and-mouth disease viruses collected in Sudan between 2009 and 2018.

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is widely distributed in Sudan where outbreaks occur on an annual basis especially during the winter months (December-February). This study aimed to increase our understanding of the epidemiological patterns of FMD in Sudan and connections to neighbouring countries by characterizing the genetic sequences of FMD viruses (FMDV) collected from samples collected in 10 Sudanese states over a 10-year period (between 2009 and 2018). FMDV was detected in 91 of the 265 samples using an antigen-detection ELISA.

Sero-epidemiology of foot-and-mouth disease in Darfur area, Western Sudan.

A total of 367 bovine sera positive to antibodies against non-structural proteins (NSPs) of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus were screened for serotype O, A and SAT2 antibodies using the virus neutralization test (VNT). Sera had been collected in 2016 from North (228) and South (139) Darfur States in Western Sudan, where high and low circulation of FMD virus, respectively, prevailed. Tested sera represented the positive-NSPs portion in a random sample of 669 sera collected from both States.

Serological detection and genetic characterization of foot-and-mouth disease virus from cattle in northern sudan, 2016‑2018.

Northern Sudan is an important corridor cluster between pools of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) in East and North Africa. It involves almost the whole border area with Egypt and represents a considerable part of a projected disease-free zone in Sudan. The study monitored FMD infection between 2016 and 2018 in Northern Sudan.