Informal Prenatal Genetic Screening Education: What can you learn from Google and YouTube?

Introduction: The goal of this paper is to explore what online education and decision support tools are freely available to patients about prenatal screening.

Materials And Methods: We 1) conducted an environmental scan using Google Trends to identify and evaluate prenatal screening search terms, 2) created a list of websites and YouTube videos that would be easily accessed by a searcher and 3) characterized the information within those websites and videos, including an examination of their qualities as a decision support tool and a readability analysis.

Results: Fifty websites, containing 62 unique educational resources, and 39 YouTube videos were analyzed.

MinD2 modulates cell shape and motility in the archaeon .

In bacteria and archaea, proteins of the ParA/MinD family of ATPases regulate the spatiotemporal organization of various cellular cargoes, including cell division proteins, motility structures, chemotaxis systems, and chromosomes. In bacteria, such as , MinD proteins are crucial for the correct placement of the Z-ring at mid-cell during cell division. However, previous studies have shown that none of the 4 MinD homologs present in the archaeon have a role in cell division, suggesting that these proteins regulate different cellular processes in haloarchaea.

Archaeal type six secretion system mediates contact-dependent antagonism.

Microbial communities are shaped by cell-cell interactions. Although archaea are often found in associations with other microorganisms, the mechanisms structuring these communities are poorly understood. Here, we report on the structure and function of haloarchaeal contractile injection systems (CISs).

MinD2 modulates cell shape and motility in the archaeon .

In bacteria and archaea, proteins of the ParA/MinD family of ATPases regulate the spatiotemporal organization of various cellular cargoes, including cell division proteins, motility structures, chemotaxis systems, and chromosomes. In bacteria, such as , MinD proteins are crucial for the correct placement of the Z-ring at mid-cell during cell division. However, previous studies have shown that none of the 4 MinD homologs present in the archaeon have a role in cell division, suggesting that these proteins regulate different cellular processes in haloarchaea.

Proteins containing photosynthetic reaction centre domains modulate FtsZ-based archaeal cell division.

Cell division in all domains of life requires the orchestration of many proteins, but in Archaea most of the machinery remains poorly characterized. Here we investigate the FtsZ-based cell division mechanism in Haloferax volcanii and find proteins containing photosynthetic reaction centre (PRC) barrel domains that play an essential role in archaeal cell division. We rename these proteins cell division protein B 1 (CdpB1) and CdpB2.

Archaeal type IV pili stabilize Haloferax volcanii biofilms in flow.

Multicellular communities of contiguous cells attached to solid surfaces called biofilms represent a common microbial strategy to improve resilience in adverse environments. While bacterial biofilms have been under intense investigation, whether archaeal biofilms follow similar assembly rules remains unknown.Haloferax volcanii is an extremely halophilic euryarchaeon that commonly colonizes salt crust surfaces.

Structural insights into the mechanism of archaellar rotational switching.

Signal transduction via phosphorylated CheY towards the flagellum and the archaellum involves a conserved mechanism of CheY phosphorylation and subsequent conformational changes within CheY. This mechanism is conserved among bacteria and archaea, despite substantial differences in the composition and architecture of archaellum and flagellum, respectively. Phosphorylated CheY has higher affinity towards the bacterial C-ring and its binding leads to conformational changes in the flagellar motor and subsequent rotational switching of the flagellum.

Case report and literature review of BRAF-V600 inhibitors for treatment of papillary craniopharyngiomas: A potential treatment paradigm shift.

What Is Known And Objective: The BRAF-V600E genetic mutation offers a potential targeted therapy for the treatment of papillary craniopharyngiomas.

Case Summary: A 35-year-old man underwent a craniotomy and subtotal resection of a large BRAF-V600E-positive papillary craniopharyngioma before referral to our institution. Our treatment included the BRAF-V600 inhibitor dabrafenib mesylate (75 mg, twice/day) and trametinib dimethyl sulfoxide (2 mg/day).

Benzo-fused Tri[8]annulenes as Molecular Models of Cubic Graphite.

Cyclotrimerization of 9,10-dibromo-9,10-dihydrodibenzo[3,4:7,8]cycloocta[1,2-l]phenanthrene with potassium tert-butoxide in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst afforded two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon stereoisomers consisting of three cyclooctatetraene (COT) moieties connected via a central benzene ring. Both isomeric tri[8]annulenes were obtained selectively through the choice of the catalyst: The α,α,α-form (Ru catalyst) displayed a threefold symmetrywith the COT subunits forming the side walls of a (chiral) molecular cup. In the thermodynamically more stable α,α,β-isomer (Pd catalyst), one of the three boat-shaped COTs was flipped over and faced the opposite molecular hemisphere with respect to the central benzene ring as evidenced by crystal structure analysis.

The archaeal protein SepF is essential for cell division in Haloferax volcanii.

In most bacteria, cell division depends on the tubulin homolog FtsZ and other proteins, such as SepF, that form a complex termed the divisome. Cell division also depends on FtsZ in many archaea, but other components of the divisome are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that a SepF homolog plays important roles in cell division in Haloferax volcanii, a halophilic archaeon that is known to have two FtsZ homologs with slightly different functions (FtsZ1 and FtsZ2).

Bilateral Vestibular Schwannomas in a Patient with Ring Chromosome 22: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Introduction: Ring chromosome 22 (r[22]) can lead to the development of intracranial tumors such as meningiomas, neurofibromas, and schwannomas similar to neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2).

Case Presentation: An 18-year-old female with r(22) and a history of global development delay and cognitive impairment presented with sudden hearing loss. MRI revealed bilateral vestibular schwannomas.

Analysis of Cell-Cell Bridges in Using Electron Cryo-Tomography Reveal a Continuous Cytoplasm and S-Layer.

Halophilic archaea have been proposed to exchange DNA and proteins using a fusion-based mating mechanism. Scanning electron microscopy previously suggested that mating involves an intermediate state, where cells are connected by an intercellular bridge. To better understand this process, we used electron cryo-tomography (cryoET) and fluorescence microscopy to visualize cells forming these intercellular bridges.

The biology of thermoacidophilic archaea from the order Sulfolobales.

Thermoacidophilic archaea belonging to the order Sulfolobales thrive in extreme biotopes, such as sulfuric hot springs and ore deposits. These microorganisms have been model systems for understanding life in extreme environments, as well as for probing the evolution of both molecular genetic processes and central metabolic pathways. Thermoacidophiles, such as the Sulfolobales, use typical microbial responses to persist in hot acid (e.

An Oscillating MinD Protein Determines the Cellular Positioning of the Motility Machinery in Archaea.

MinD proteins are well studied in rod-shaped bacteria such as E. coli, where they display self-organized pole-to-pole oscillations that are important for correct positioning of the Z-ring at mid-cell for cell division. Archaea also encode proteins belonging to the MinD family, but their functions are unknown.

Test-retest reliability of RC21X: a web-based cognitive and neuromotor performance measurement tool.

Objective: As computerized cognitive testing becomes increasingly popular in clinical and research settings, conducting studies on efficacy and psychometric properties is essential. One such program is RC21X, a web-based brain performance measurement tool. Based on empirically supported neurocognitive and neuromotor tasks, the 12-min test consists of 15 modules measuring memory, motor coordination, processing speed, and executive functioning.

Unsupervised Clustering of Hyperspectral Paper Data Using t-SNE.

For a suspected forgery that involves the falsification of a document or its contents, the investigator will primarily analyze the document's paper and ink in order to establish the authenticity of the subject under investigation. As a non-destructive and contactless technique, Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI) is gaining popularity in the field of forensic document analysis. HSI returns more information compared to conventional three channel imaging systems due to the vast number of narrowband images recorded across the electromagnetic spectrum.

Evaluating an image-based bidirectional reflectance distribution function measurement setup: erratum.

Two typographical errors in [Appl. Opt.57, 1918 (2018)]APOPAI0003-693510.

Positioning of the Motility Machinery in Halophilic Archaea.

Bacteria and archaea exhibit tactical behavior and can move up and down chemical gradients. This tactical behavior relies on a motility structure, which is guided by a chemosensory system. Environmental signals are sensed by membrane-inserted chemosensory receptors that are organized in large ordered arrays.

Evaluating an image-based bidirectional reflectance distribution function measurement setup.

We evaluate an image-based multiangle bidirectional reflectance distribution function measurement setup by comparing it to measurements from two commercially available goniospectrophotometers. The image-based setup uses an RGB camera to perform bidirectional measurements of the sample material. We use a conversion matrix to calculate luminance from the captured data.

Gene deletions leading to a reduction in the number of cyclopentane rings in Sulfolobus acidocaldarius tetraether lipids.

The cell membrane of (hyper)thermophilic archaea, including the thermoacidophile Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, incorporates dibiphytanylglycerol tetraether lipids. The hydrophobic cores of such tetraether lipids can include up to eight cyclopentane rings. Presently, nothing is known of the biosynthesis of these rings.

N-glycosylation in the thermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius involves a short dolichol pyrophosphate carrier.

N-glycosylation is a post-translational modification that occurs across evolution. In the thermoacidophilic archaea Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, glycoproteins are modified by an N-linked tribranched hexasaccharide reminiscent of the N-glycans assembled in Eukarya. Previously, hexose-bearing dolichol phosphate was detected in a S.

Reducing motor vehicle greenhouse gas emissions in a non-California state: a case study of Minnesota.

Approaches for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from motor vehicles include more-efficient vehicles, lower-carbon fuels, and reducing vehicle-kilometers traveled (VKT). Many U.S.

Cefazolin in chronic hemodialysis patients: a safe, effective alternative to vancomycin.

Vancomycin use is common in hemodialysis patients, due in part to the ease of dosing, but can lead to the development of resistant organisms, including vancomycin-resistant enterococcus. Alternate antibiotics may be equally effective and allow similar dosing in the chronic hemodialysis population. A retrospective review of culture results from a 217-patient, non-hospital-based outpatient hemodialysis center was performed over a 7-month period.

A schizophrenic patient with an arrhythmic circadian rest-activity cycle.

A haloperidol-treated patient with chronic schizophrenia had a near-arrhythmic circadian rest-activity cycle, whereas rhythms of 6-sulphatoxy-melatonin and core body temperature were of normal amplitude and phase-advanced. Sleep electroencephalography measured throughout a 31-h 'constant-bedrest' protocol revealed a phase-delayed sleep-wake propensity cycle, low sleep continuity (ultradian 'bouts'), and very little slow-wave sleep and slow-wave activity (0.75-4.