The expression and localization of Toll-like receptors 2, 4, 5 and 9 in the epididymis and vas deferens of a adult tom cats.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are important molecules, which provide protection against infections of the reproductive tract. This study demonstrates for the first time the expression and localization patterns of TLRs in the caput, corpus and cauda segments of the epididymal duct (ED) and the vas deferens (VD) of adult domestic cats using immunohistochemistry and western blotting. While immunoblot analyses revealed relatively similar protein levels for TLRs 2, 4, 5, and 9 in three segments of the ED, the protein levels of TLR2 and TLR4 in the VD were found to be significantly higher than those measured in the ED segments (P < 0.

Effect of Mg2SO4 usage on spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury: electron microscopic and functional evaluation.

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of intravenous magnesium sulfate (Mg(2)SO(4)) administration on ischemia-reperfusion injury of the spinal cord.

Material And Methods: Sixteen rabbits were randomly assigned to the control (group I, 8 rabbits) and the study group (group II, 8 rabbits). The abdominal aorta was clamped for a period of 30 min followed by a reperfusion period of 60 min.

Contractile response of different segments of the latissimus dorsi muscle to chronic stimulation.

Objective: This study was planned to investigate if there is any difference in terms of the muscle force between the distal and proximal segments of the latissimus dorsi muscle.

Subjects And Methods: An inplantable mock circulation system was placed around the latissimus dorsi muscle. The wrapping procedure around the implantable mock circulation was performed by using two different latissimus dorsi muscle segments.

Magnesium-enriched coronary sinus retroperfusion during acute coronary artery occlusion.

Background: The protective effect of coronary sinus retroperfusion in cases of ischaemic myocardium is clearly known. It restores the blood flow to the ischaemic tissue, reduces the infarct size, and improves the left ventricular pump function.

Methods: In this study, we investigated the effects of coronary sinus retroperfusion with the addition of magnesium sulphate on myocardial haemodynamics.