High levels of fecal calprotectin and C-reactive protein in patients with colitis.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with a poor prognosis may be due to persistent colitis. According to the latest guidelines, monitoring has become a part of the treatment process for colitis. Adequate monitoring of the patient's condition is necessary to determine the course of the disease to prevent the worsening of the condition and suppress the subclinical inflammatory process.

Serum pepsinogen level as a biomarker for atrophy, reflux esophagitis, and gastric cancer screening in Indonesia.

Background: Chronic dyspepsia's symptoms are frequently seen in primary to tertiary healthcare in Indonesia. This study aimed to describe the potential usability of pepsinogen (PG) values in determining gastric mucosal conditions, including superficial gastritis and atrophic gastritis.

Materials And Methods: We recruited 646 adult dyspeptic patients and then analyzed PG values (including PGI, PGII, and PGI/II ratio) with endoscopic findings, gastric mucosal damages, and infection.

Lower Number and Percentage of Activated Natural Killer Cells in Colorectal Cancer Patients.

Background: Colorectal cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the colon and/or rectum tissue. Natural killer (NK) cells play a critical role in the first line of defense against infection and tumors, as well as in autoimmunity and hypersensitivity reactions. NK cells also play a role in regulating tumor cell growth and metastasis.

Role of fecal calprotectin as a hypoxic intestinal damage biomarker in COVID-19 patients.

Background: Gastrointestinal manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) appear to be substantial. Fecal calprotectin is a promising biomarker in COVID-19 associated gastrointestinal inflammation; however, its role in the severity of COVID-19 remains limited. We conducted a study to analyze the relationship between the severity of COVID-19 and hypoxic intestinal damage.

Urease Levels and Gastritis Stage in Dyspeptic Patients.

Background: Dyspepsia is a frequent main symptom of inpatients and outpatients scenario in Indonesia. However, the number of endoscopy facilities are still low, thus the use of non-invasive method to detect gastritis is necessary. We measured the relationship between urease levels and the stage of gastritis in dyspeptic adult patients.

Diagnostic Value of C Urea Breath Test for Detection Compared by Histopathology in Indonesian Dyspeptic Patients.

Purpose: Histopathology method is often used as a gold standard diagnostic for infection in Indonesia. However, it requires an endoscopic procedure which is limited in Indonesia. A non-invasive method, such as C Urea Breath Test (UBT), is more favorable; however, this particular method has not been validated yet.

Polymorphisms in Indonesia: Comparison among Ethnicities and the Association with Clinical Outcomes.

polymorphisms are important factors for proton pump inhibitor-based therapy. We examined the genotypes and analyzed the distribution among ethnicities and clinical outcomes in Indonesia. We employed the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method to determine the genotypes and evaluated inflammation severity with the updated Sydney system.

The validation of the Helicobacter pylori CagA typing by immunohistochemistry: nationwide application in Indonesia.

We aimed to validate 2 types of antibodies, anti-CagA antibody and anti-East Asian CagA specific antibody (α-EAS antibody) for the determination of CagA status in Indonesia. We also confirmed the performance of α-EAS antibody for the detection of East Asian-type CagA H. pylori.

Gastric microbiota and Helicobacter pylori in Indonesian population.

Background: The profile of gastric mucosal microbiota has not yet been described in the Indonesian population where the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori is low.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study analyzing 16S rRNA of 137 gastric biopsy specimens. We analyzed the association between gastric microbiota, H.

Serum pepsinogens as a gastric cancer and gastritis biomarker in South and Southeast Asian populations.

Serum pepsinogens have been widely acknowledged as gastric mucosal biomarkers; however, a multicountry report on the benefits of pepsinogens as biomarkers has not yet been published. We analyzed 1,206 sera and gastric mucosal samples collected from Bangladesh, Bhutan, Indonesia, Myanmar, Nepal and Thailand then assessed the association between gastric mucosal changes and Helicobacter pylori infection. The new cutoff values for serum pepsinogen values were evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic analysis.

E-test versus agar dilution for antibiotic susceptibility testing of Helicobacter pylori: a comparison study.

Objective: For evaluating the antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori, the agar dilution method is the gold standard; however, using this method in daily practice is laborious. E-test has been proposed to be an uncomplicated method. This study was aimed at validating the E-test and detecting the presence of any bias between the agar dilution method and E-test.

Analysis of risks of gastric cancer by gastric mucosa among Indonesian ethnic groups.

Indonesia is a big country with multiethnic populations whose gastric cancer risks have not been elucidated. We performed a nationwide survey and obtained histological specimens from 1053 individuals in 19 cities across the country. We examined the gastric mucosa, the topography, the atrophic gastritis risk factors, and the gastric cancer risk scores.

Alternative eradication regimens for infection in Indonesian regions with high metronidazole and levofloxacin resistance.

Background: The prevalence of resistance to metronidazole and clarithromycin is high in Indonesia. Moreover, the increasing levofloxacin resistance rates in the absence of bismuth treatment in Indonesia has led to the use of other antibiotics as alternative regimens.

Methods: We determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of five alternative antibiotics for (rifaximin, rifabutin, furazolidone, garenoxacin, and sitafloxacin) using the agar dilution method and assessed mutations associated with antibiotic resistance using next-generation sequencing.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease in an area with low Helicobacter pylori infection prevalence.

The association between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) prevalence and its risk factors in an area with low Helicobacter pylori prevalence is important to clarify. We analyzed the prevalence of GERD and risk factors in an area of Indonesia with low prevalence of H. pylori infection.

, Hygiene, Atopy, and Asthma.

The hygiene hypothesis links environmental and microbial exposures in early life to the prevalence of atopy, allergy, and asthma. infection is typically acquired in childhood and acquisition of the infection is associated with poor household hygiene. Some population surveys have shown an inverse association between infection and atopy, allergy, and asthma leading to the suggestion that infection may be protective against disease; others consider it simply a biomarker for poor household hygiene.

Gastric mucosal status in populations with a low prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in Indonesia.

In Indonesia, endoscopy services are limited and studies about gastric mucosal status by using pepsinogens (PGs) are rare. We measured PG levels, and calculated the best cutoff and predictive values for discriminating gastric mucosal status among ethnic groups in Indonesia. We collected gastric biopsy specimens and sera from 233 patients with dyspepsia living in three Indonesian islands.

An East-Asian-type cagA Helicobacter pylori Infected Patient with Clinical Manifestation of Gastric Ulcer.

We reported a male, 72 yo, Chinese ethnic with chief complaint black mushy defecation. Physical examination revealed pale on conjunctival palpebra which confirmed as anemia on complete blood count. Gastroduodenoscopy revealed a 3 mm ulcer at the antrum (Forrest stage III).

Surveillance of Helicobacter pylori Antibiotic Susceptibility in Indonesia: Different Resistance Types among Regions and with Novel Genetic Mutations.

Information regarding Helicobacter pylori antibiotic resistance in Indonesia was previously inadequate. We assessed antibiotic susceptibility for H. pylori in Indonesia, and determined the association between virulence genes or genetic mutations and antibiotic resistance.

Helicobacter pylori virulence genes in the five largest islands of Indonesia.

Background: It remains unclear whether the low incidence of gastric cancer in Indonesia is due to low infection rates only or is also related to low Helicobacter pylori pathogenicity. We collected H. pylori strains from the five largest islands in Indonesia and evaluated genetic virulence factors.

Identification of Helicobacter pylori infection in symptomatic patients in Surabaya, Indonesia, using five diagnostic tests.

SUMMARY The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Indonesia is controversial. We examined the H. pylori infection rate in 78 patients in a hospital in Surabaya using five different tests, including culture, histology, immunohistochemistry, rapid urease test, and urine antibody test.