Risk or associated factors of wasting among under-five children in Bangladesh: A systematic review.

Background And Objectives: Wasting among under-five years old (U-5) children is a significant global public-health-nutrition burden. To effectively address this problem in Bangladesh, knowing its prevalence, caus-es and associated-factors are essential. This review aimed to identify evidences available in the existing-accessible literature/documents that describe the individual, socioeconomic, demographic, and contextual risk-factors associated with wasting among U-5 children in Bangladesh.

Development and Acceptability of Shelf-Stable Microbiota Directed Complementary Food Formulations.

Background: A randomized controlled trial in Bangladeshi children aged 12 to 18 months with moderate acute malnutrition found that dietary supplementation with the microbiota-directed complementary food (MDCF-2) significantly improved weight gain and repaired gut microbiota compared to the ready-to-use supplementary food. However, the MDCF-2 formulation was made daily from locally available ingredients and the need for a packaged, nutritionally compliant, and organoleptically acceptable MDCF-2 prototype was essential for future large-scale clinical studies.

Objective: The study aimed to develop and assess the acceptability of 3 alternative foil-packaged formulations of MDCF-2 in comparison to current MDCF-2.

Community perception and utilization of services for the severe wasted children aged 6-59 months in the Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals and their nearest host communities in Bangladesh: a qualitative exploration.

Introduction: There is a paucity of data on community perception and utilization of services for wasted children in Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals (FDMN) and their nearest host communities.

Methods: We conducted a qualitative study to explore community perceptions and understand the utilization of services for severely wasted children among the FDMN and their nearest host communities in Teknaf, Cox's Bazar. We carried out 13 focus group discussions and 17 in-depth interviews with the caregivers of the children of 6-59 months, and 8 key informant interviews.

Caregivers' socio-cultural influences on health-seeking behavior for their wasted children among forcibly displaced Myanmar Nationals and their nearest host communities.

Introduction: A total of 19% of forcibly displaced Myanmar Nationals (FDMNs) Bangladesh fall within the age range of under five years old, while an average of 1% exhibit severe malnutrition. Cox's Bazar is the closest host community for FDMNs, with similar traditional culture and religion and shared linguistic, ethnic, and cultural ties.

Methods: A qualitative study was conducted to investigate the impact of socio-cultural factors on the healthcare-seeking behavior of caregivers of critically malnourished children in FDMN camps and neighboring host communities.

Improving Calcium Status of Women: Results of a Study of Bio-Availability of Calcium From Slaked Lime Fortified Rice.

Background: Fortification of rice with slaked lime is an acceptable and inexpensive way to combat calcium (Ca) deficiency. However, bioavailability of calcium after intake of slaked lime fortified rice is yet to be investigated.

Objective: To measure the fractional absorption of Ca (FAC) from slaked lime fortified cooked rice.

Improvement in appetite among stunted children receiving nutritional intervention in Bangladesh: results from a community-based study.

Background/objectives: Stunted children often have poor appetite, which may limit their response to nutritional interventions. We investigated the effect of a nutritional intervention on the appetite status of stunted children.

Methods: A longitudinal prospective intervention study was conducted with 50 stunted (length for age; LAZ < -2) (age and sex matched) aged 12-18 months and their mothers in Bauniabadh slum of Dhaka city.

Serum Adipokines, Growth Factors, and Cytokines Are Independently Associated with Stunting in Bangladeshi Children.

Growth in young children is controlled through the release of several hormonal signals, which are affected by diet, infection, and other exposures. Stunting is clearly a growth disorder, yet limited evidence exists documenting the association of different growth biomarkers with child stunting. This study explored the association between different growth biomarkers and stunting in Bangladeshi children.

Home Fortification of Rice With Lime: A Novel Potential Way to Reduce Calcium Deficiency in Bangladesh.

Background: In order to improve calcium status, fortified rice should have acceptable organoleptic properties of that food.

Objective: We aimed to assess whether home fortification of rice with slaked lime can increase calcium content of rice and whether this fortified rice is well tolerated in a nutritionally at-risk population.

Methods: This experimental study measured the calcium content of rice cooked with different concentration of lime and assessed the acceptability of fortified rice among 400 women and children.

Development and validation of a tool to assess appetite of children in low income settings.

Reliable and validated tools for measuring appetite of children in South Asia are not available. This study aimed to develop and validate a tool for assessing appetite level of under-five children. Based on literature review and findings from focus group discussions (FGDs), an initial 27-item interview-based tool, the "Early Childhood Appetite and Satiety Tool (ECAST)" was developed in Bangladesh.

Caregiver perceptions of children's linear growth in Bangladesh: a qualitative analysis.

Objective: To understand caregivers' perceptions of children's linear growth and to identify the cultural meanings and perceptions of risk associated with poor height attainment.

Design: Three investigators from Bangladesh conducted twelve focus group discussions.

Setting: The study was conducted in rural and slum settings in Bangladesh.

Children living in the slums of Bangladesh face risks from unsafe food and water and stunted growth is common.

Aim: This study investigated the microbial quality of food and water consumed by children in four slums in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, together with the associated risk factors.

Methods: This cross-sectional study took place from December 2015 to May 2016 and focused on 360 children under the age of five. We recorded household food security, namely adequate food for a healthy life, socio-economic and nutritional status, hygiene and feeding practices.

Clinical profile, antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates and factors associated with complications in culture-proven typhoid patients admitted to an urban hospital in Bangladesh.

Objectives: Typhoid fever is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in typhoid endemic countries like Bangladesh. However, data on the clinical and microbiological profile as well as factors associated with complications of typhoid in Bangladesh are scarce. We intended to characterise the clinical and microbiological profile of culture-proven typhoid fever and to identify factors associated with complications.

Treatment outcome of children with persistent Diarrhoea admitted to an Urban Hospital, Dhaka during 2012-2013.

Background: Despite availability of treatment guidelines, persistent diarrhoea (PD) has been a major contributor of diarrhoeal deaths in low and middle income countries. We evaluated the outcome of children under the age of 5 years who were treated for PD using management algorithm with locally available foods in a diarrhoeal disease hospital in Dhaka.

Methods: We extracted retrospective data from electronic database for all the under-five children admitted for PD in the Longer Stay Ward and Intensive Care Unit of the Dhaka hospital at icddr,b between 2012 and 2013.