Indonesia's country-specific CO emission factor based on gas fuels for greenhouse gas inventory in the energy sector.

Indonesia currently calculates CO emissions from gas fuels using Tier 1 emission factors adopted from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). However, this method may not accurately capture the country's specific emission characteristics. To address this, this study aims to derive country-specific CO emission factors for gas fuels, including liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), liquefied gas for vehicles (LGV), natural gas (NG), and liquefied natural gas (LNG), by analyzing fuel samples collected nationwide.

FT-IR-based fingerprint combined with unsupervised chemometric analysis revealed particle sizes and aqueous-ethanol ratio alter the chemical composition and nutraceutical value of .

This study reported the effects of particle size of dry powder and the optimum solvent extraction on the nutraceutical value of carrot by observing its FT-IR fingerprint, TPC, TFC, and antioxidant activity. The dried-powdered carrot was ultrasound-assisted extracted using EtOH, water, and EtOH-water. The TFC, TPC, and antioxidant activity were analysed by a colorimetric method using a spectrophotometry UV-Vis.

A single dose of benzathine penicillin G as an effective treatment for malignant syphilis in an HIV-positive patient: a case report.

Malignant syphilis (MS) is a rare, atypical manifestation of secondary syphilis. Ulcerative lesions should be suspected as MS when found with supporting microscopic morphology, a high syphilis serology titer test, a Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (JHR), and rapid disease resolution. To date, there is no specific recommendation for treatment for MS.

The Bemisia tabaci species complex: additions from different parts of the world.

Bemisia tabaci is one of the most threatening pests in many crops. We sequenced part of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene from fifty whitefly populations collected in Indonesia, Thailand, India and China. Nineteen unique sequences (haplotypes) of the cytochrome oxidase I were identified in these populations.

Identification and QTL mapping of whitefly resistance components in Solanum galapagense.

Solanum galapagense is closely related to the cultivated tomato and can show a very good resistance towards whitefly. A segregating population resulting from a cross between the cultivated tomato and a whitefly resistant S. galapagense was created and used for mapping whitefly resistance and related traits, which made it possible to study the genetic basis of the resistance.