Enhancing floc size and strength with a hybrid polymer of zinc oxide, acrylamide, and tannin in textile wastewater.

This study involved synthesising new hybrid polymers called ZOPAT, made up of zinc oxide, acrylamide, and tannin, using a blended technique. The effectiveness of ZOPAT in treating textile wastewater was then tested by measuring floc growth rate, flocculation index, strength factor, and recovery factor under optimised conditions. The study also identified the zeta potential, morphology, elemental composition, and functional groups of the polymers.

Humic acid recovery from stabilized leachate: Characterization and interference with chemical oxygen demand-colour removal.

Heterogeneous combinations of organic compounds (humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid) are the prime factor for the high concentration of colour and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in semi-aerobic stabilized landfill leachate. These organics are less biodegradable and cause a severe threat to environmental elements. Microfiltration and centrifugation processes were applied in this study to investigate the HA removal from stabilized leachate samples and its corresponding interference with COD and colour.

Optimization of the humic acid separation and coagulation with natural starch by RSM for the removal of COD and colour from stabilized leachate.

The removal of concentrated colour (around 5039 Pt-Co) and chemical oxygen demand (COD; around 4142 mg L) from matured landfill leachate through a novel combination of humic acid extraction and coagulation with natural oil palm trunk starch (OPTS) was investigated in this study. Central composite design from response surface methodology of Design Expert-10 software executed the experimental design to correlate experimental factors with desired responses. Analysis of variance developed the quadratic model for four factors (e.

Nitrogenous disinfection byproducts in English drinking water supply systems: Occurrence, bromine substitution and correlation analysis.

Despite the recent focus on nitrogenous disinfection byproducts in drinking water, there is limited occurrence data available for many species. This paper analyses the occurrence of seven haloacetonitriles, three haloacetamides, eight halonitromethanes and cyanogen chloride in 20 English drinking water supply systems. It is the first survey of its type to compare bromine substitution factors (BSFs) between the haloacetamides and haloacetonitriles.

Disinfection by-product formation from the chlorination and chloramination of amines.

This study investigated the relative effect of chlorination and chloramination on DBP formation from seven model amine precursor compounds, representative of those commonly found in natural waters, at pH 6, 7 and 8. The quantified DBPs included chloroform, dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN), trichloroacetonitrile (TCAN) and chloropicrin (trichloronitromethane). The aggregate formation (i.