Phytochemicals, mineral contents, antioxidants, and antimicrobial activities of propolis produced by Brunei stingless bees , , and .

The present study focused on the evaluation of phytochemical properties, essential mineral elements, and heavy metals contained in raw propolis produced by stingless bees , , and found in the same ecological conditions and environment in Brunei Darussalam. The results indicated that propolis of the three stingless bee species mainly consisted of lipids (45.60-47.

Design, synthesis and antiamoebic activity of dysprosium-based nanoparticles using contact lenses as carriers against Acanthamoeba sp.

Purpose: Contact lenses have direct contact with the corneal surface and can induce sight-threatening infection of the cornea known as Acanthamoeba keratitis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the dysprosium-based nanoparticles (Dy-based NPs), namely Fe O -PEG-Dy O nanocomposites and Dy(OH) nanorods, as an active component against Acanthamoeba sp., as well as the possibility of their loading onto contact lenses as the drug administering vehicle to treat Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK).

Physicochemical analyses, antioxidant, antibacterial, and toxicity of propolis particles produced by stingless bee found in Brunei Darussalam.

In this study, the physicochemical, antioxidant, antibacterial properties, and the toxicity of propolis particles produced by stingless bee found in Brunei Darussalam were investigated. Propolis particles of different sizes were extracted from raw propolis using various volume fractions of ethanol in water. Spectroscopic analyses were utilized to characterize the chemical structures, functional groups, as well as absorbance and fluorescence properties.