Study on the mechanism of the bronchodilatory effects of Cynodon dactylon (Linn.) and identification of the active ingredient.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: In the traditional medicine, Cynodon dactylon (Linn.) is used in asthma, but scientific studies to provide evidence for medicinal uses are sparse. Thus this study was undertaken to provide evidence for medicinal use in asthma as a bronchodilator, and to identify active ingredient(s).

Synthesis and characterization of carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel: application as pH-sensitive delivery for nateglinide.

In current research, chitosan was reacted with mono-chloroacetic acid under alkaline condition to prepare carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCTs). The degree of substitution (Ds) on prepared CMCTs was found to be 0.68.

Homocysteine-dependent endothelial dysfunction induced by renal ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Background: Elevation of serum homocysteine is considered to contribute to endothelial dysfunction, which is considered to be the initial event in vascular disease following renal transplantation. We sought to investigate whether an association existed between serum homocysteine levels and endothelial dysfunction after renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.

Materials And Methods: Acetylcholine (Ach)-induced endothelium-dependent and sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced endothelial-independent relaxation responses were determined in thoracic aortas from different I/R groups.

Role of fenofibrate alone and in combination with telmisartan on renal ischemia/reperfusion injury.

It was demonstrated that fenofibrate and telmisartan exerted renoprotective effects in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Because the combination of fenofibrate and telmisartan synergistically enhanced peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) activation, we hypothesized that the combination of both drugs may exert prolonged beneficial effects in renal I/R injury than fenofibrate alone. Forty-eight male Wistar albino rats were divided into eight groups.

Exaggerated liver injury induced by renal ischemia reperfusion in diabetes: effect of exenatide.

Background/aim: This study was designed to investigate the possible effect of exenatide (Glucagon like Peptide-1 receptor agonist) on liver injury (distant organ) induced by renal ischemia reperfusion (IR) in diabetic rats.

Materials And Methods: In vivo renal IR was performed in both type 2 diabetic and normal rats. Each protocol comprised ischemia for 30 minutes followed by reperfusion for 24 hours and a treatment period of 14 days before induction of ischemia.

Renoprotective activity of benincasa cerifera fruit extract on ischemia/reperfusion-induced renal damage in rat.

Introduction: Evidence suggests that reactive oxygen species play a role in the pathophysiology of renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study was designed to investigate the renoprotective activity of methanolic fruit extract of Benincasa cerifera in I/R-induced kidney failure in rats.

Materials And Methods: Renal pedicles of 12 rats were occluded for 60 minutes followed by 24 hours of reperfusion.