Long-term changes in nipple-areolar complex position and inferior pole length in superomedial pedicle inverted 't' scar reduction mammaplasty.

Background: Proper nipple-areolar complex position in reduction mammoplasty patients is a challenging problem regardless of the preferred technique. Postoperatively, the nipple-areolar complex is often not located at the most projected area of the breast. This retrospective observational study aimed to find the long-term measurements of the nipple-areolar complex position and inferior pole length after inverted T scar-superomedial pedicle reduction mammoplasty.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip: exact location match in siblings.

Background: In recent years, genetic contribution to the development of skin cancers is under the magnifying glass of several authors and is now regarded as the main initial etiology in carcinogenesis.

Objective: Two siblings who had squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip showing an exact location match are presented.

Patients: They did not share common environmental factors, and there was no history of tobacco and/or alcohol abuse.

The rate of upper-extremity deep-structure injuries through small penetrating lacerations.

Despite the abundance of epidemiologic studies concerning hand injuries, there is no study that emphasizes the significance of the initial laceration size. The aim of this study is to investigate the incidence of tendon, nerve, and artery injuries that may result from small, penetrating lacerations of the hand and forearm. A total of 226 patients with small lacerations were included in the study.

Effect of full-thickness skin graft initial dimension on secondary wound contraction: experimental study in rats.

Background: The size of a full-thickness skin graft (FTSG) is typically determined using a pattern of the defect usually obtained following excision of a skin lesion.

Objective: The aim of this experimental study is to investigate the effects of various graft sizes on secondary wound contraction.

Methods: Four 2.

The "duck" modification of the tensor fascia lata flap.

Various common locations of pressure sores require specific considerations. The most commonly used flap for the treatment of trochanteric ulcers is the tensor fascia lata (TFL) flap. According to our experience with the original flap, excessive tension and eventual suture separation at the confluence of the donor site flaps and the TFL flap is the most common problem.

The medical use of a nonmedical product: melted tar.

The use of hot tar in industry is widespread, and burns caused by this agent remain a problem. Instead of being classified as chemical injuries, these burns compose a unique class of thermal injury because of the difference of mechanisms of injury and the difficulties in removing the agent from the skin. Tar burns usually are occupational in nature and are observed mostly in male patients.