Early Levothyroxine Treatment for Subclinical Hypothyroidism or Hypothyroxinemia in Pregnancy: The St Carlos Gestational and Thyroid Protocol.

Unlabelled: The optimal maternal levels of thyroid hormones (TH) during the first trimester of gestation have not been established, nor has the ideal moment to initiate levothyroxine treatment (LT) to improve the evolution of gestation and fetal development. Cut-off points for Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) <2.5 µIU/mL and free thyroxine (FT4)>7.

COVID-19 and Africa: Surviving between a rock and a hard place.

With over 575,000 deaths and about 13.3 million cases globally, the COVID-19 pandemic has had a terrible impact globally during the 6 months since cases were first detected in China. Conscious of the many challenges presented in settings with abundance of resources and with robust health systems, where mortality has been significant and transmission difficult to control, there was a logical concern to see how the virus could impact African countries, and their fragile and weak health systems.

[COVID-19 and Africa: Surviving between a rock and a hard place].

With over 575,000 deaths and about 13.3 million cases globally, the COVID-19 pandemic has had a terrible impact globally during the 6 months since cases were first detected in China. Conscious of the many challenges presented in settings with abundance of resources and with robust health systems, where mortality has been significant and transmission difficult to control, there was a logical concern to see how the virus could impact African countries, and their fragile and weak health systems.

Benefits of Adhering to a Mediterranean Diet Supplemented with Extra Virgin Olive Oil and Pistachios in Pregnancy on the Health of Offspring at 2 Years of Age. Results of the San Carlos Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Prevention Study.

The intrauterine environment may be related to the future development of chronic diseases in the offspring. The St. Carlos gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevention study, is a randomized controlled trial that evaluated the influence of the early (before 12th gestational week) Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) on the onset of GDM and adverse gestational outcomes.

Detection, treatment and prevention programs for gestational diabetes mellitus: The St Carlos experience.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases the risk of adverse events in pregnancy and jeopardizes long-term health of the mother and offspring. There is currently no consensus as to what screening strategies improve the efficiency of GDM diagnosis. Which criteria should be used? Is the one-step or two-step procedure better? There is no agreement as to what the best dietary approach in the treatment of GDM is.

Effectiveness of Following Mediterranean Diet Recommendations in the Real World in the Incidence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and Adverse Maternal-Foetal Outcomes: A Prospective, Universal, Interventional Study with a Single Group. The St Carlos Study.

We reported that a Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet), supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) and pistachios, reduces GDM incidence and several other adverse outcomes. In order to assess its translational effects in the real world we evaluated the effect of MedDiet from 1st gestational visit in GDM rate compared with control (CG) and intervention (IG) groups from the previously referred trial. As secondary objective we also compared adverse perinatal outcomes between normoglycemic and diabetic women.

Impact of Antibiotic Policy on Antibiotic Consumption in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in India.

Objective: To study the impact of initiating antibiotic policy on antibiotic consumption in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted between January, 2013 and December, 2014 in a 30 bed NICU. The antibiotic policy for neonatal sepsis was initiated on January 1st, 2014.

Effectiveness and safety of air-filled balloon Heliosphere BAG® in 82 consecutive obese patients.

Background: Intragastric balloon is a widely used technique to treat obesity that is considered to be more efficient than conservative treatment before bariatric surgery. To describe air-filled balloon (Heliosphere BAG®) effectiveness [absolute weight loss, body mass index (BMI) loss, percentage of body weight loss (BWL), percentage of excess weight loss (EWL)] and complications 6 months after its insertion.

Methods: Eighty-four consecutive intragastric balloons were placed endoscopically.

Long-term treatment of acromegalic patients resistant to somatostatin analogues with the GH receptor antagonist pegvisomant: its efficacy in relation to gender and previous radiotherapy.

Context: Pegvisomant is an effective treatment for somatostatin analogue-resistant acromegaly, but the determinants defining the response to this treatment are largely unknown.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of pegvisomant treatment in resistant acromegalic patients (e.g.

Family physician and endocrinologist coordination as the basis for diabetes care in clinical practice.

Background: To estimate the proportion of diabetic patients (DPts) with peripheral vascular disease treated at a primary health care site after an endocrinologist-based intervention, who meet ATP III and Steno targets of metabolic control, as well as to compare the outcome with the results of the patients treated by endocrinologists.

Methods: A controlled, prospective over 30-months period study was conducted in area 7 of Madrid. One hundred twenty six eligible diabetic patients diagnosed as having peripheral vascular disease between January 2003 and June 2004 were included in the study.