One-year longitudinal changes of peripheral CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts, gut microbiome, and plaque vulnerability after an acute coronary syndrome.

Background: Longitudinal changes in gut microbiome and inflammation may be involved in the evolution of atherosclerosis after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We aimed to characterize repeated profiles of gut microbiota and peripheral CD4+ T lymphocytes during the first year after an ACS, and to address their relationship with atherosclerotic plaque changes.

Methods: Over one year we measured the microbiome, peripheral counts of CD4+ T populations and cytokines in 67 patients shortly after a first ACS.

Impact of the Mediterranean Diet on the Gut Microbiome of a Well-Defined Cohort of Healthy Individuals.

A comprehensive understanding of gut microbiota in a clearly defined group of healthy individuals is essential when making meaningful comparisons with various diseases. The Mediterranean diet (MD), renowned for its potential health benefits, and the influence of adherence thereto on gut microbiota have become a focus of research. Our aim was to elucidate the impact of adherence to the MD on gut microbiota composition in a well-defined cohort.

Microbiome profile and calprotectin levels as markers of risk of recurrent infection.

Introduction: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is the main cause of nosocomial diarrhoea in developed countries. Recurrent CDI (R-CDI), which affects 20%-30% of patients and significantly increases hospital stay and associated costs, is a key challenge. The main objective of this study was to explore the role of the microbiome and calprotectin levels as predictive biomarkers of R-CDI.

Characterization of the gut microbiome of patients with infection, patients with non- diarrhea, and -colonized patients.

Introduction: infection (CDI) is the main cause of nosocomial diarrhea in developed countries. A key challenge in CDI is the lack of objective methods to ensure more accurate diagnosis, especially when differentiating between true infection and colonization/diarrhea of other causes. The main objective of this study was to explore the role of the microbiome as a predictive biomarker of CDI.