Vkorc1 gene polymorphisms confer resistance to anticoagulant rodenticide in Turkish rats.

Mutations in Exon 1, 2 and 3 of the vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 () gene are known to lead to anticoagulant rodenticide resistance. In order to investigate their putative resistance in rodenticides, we studied the genetic profile of the gene in Turkish black rats () and brown rats (). In this context, previously recorded Ala21Thr mutation () in Exon 1 region, Ile90Leu mutation () in Exon 2 region and Leu120Gln mutation () in Exon 3 region were identified as "missense mutations" causing amino acid changes.

Histiocytic Sarcoma Following B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma.

Objectives: Rare cases of clonally related histiocytic sarcoma (HS) following B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (B-ALL/LBL) have been reported to date.

Methods: We present a patient with HS, which appeared as a breast mass 12 months after the initial diagnosis of B-ALL.

Results: Both HS and the B-ALL shared IGH-MYC and IGK gene rearrangements.

Determination of genetic variations in the genus Dryomys Thomas, 1906 (Rodentia: Gliridae) distributed in Turkey using NADH dehydrogenase 1 (ND1) gene.

Genetic diversity and phylogeny of Dryomys nitedula and Dryomys laniger from Turkey was described in the present study by using mitochondrial DNA NADH dehydrogenase 1 gene (ND1). Genetic variation in ND1 gene was determined by two model-based phylogenetic analyses and a network analysis revealed 27 haplotypes of D. nitedula constructing four main lineages (Thrace, Anatolia, North-eastern Anatolia and Şavşat) that have non-overlapping geographic distributions and no shared haplotypes, but on the other hand, three haplotypes were detected in four samples of D.

CD4-Negative Variant of Cutaneous Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm With a Novel PBRM1 Mutation in an 11-Year-Old Girl.

Objectives: We report a rare case of CD4- cutaneous blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) with a novel PBRM1 mutation.

Methods: An 11-year-old girl presented with an enlarged mass on her left arm and underwent an incisional biopsy.

Results: Histopathologic examination and immunohistochemistry studies showed a monotonous proliferation of blasts that were CD4-, CD56+, and CD123+.

Prominent Signet Ring Cell Morphology in a Pulmonary Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

In daily practice, signet ring cell morphology immediately brings to the mind the possibility of an adenocarcinoma at first glance. The signet ring cell appearance has been described and is well-known in a wide variety of some other neoplasms as well. Surprisingly however, neoplastic cells having the same morphology can unexpectedly be encountered in not previously well-documented tumors.

Comparison of the effects of difenacoum and brodifacoum on the ultrastructure of rat liver cells.

We used transmission electron microscopy to examine the cytotoxic effects of the second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides difenacoum and brodifacoum on rat liver. A single dose of difenacoum or brodifacoum was administered to rats by gastric gavage and liver samples were taken after 24 h, four days or seven days. In the livers of rats treated with difenacoum for 24 h, hepatocytes typically showed increased numbers of lysosomes, as well as enlargement of both the perinuclear space and the cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), while sinusoids were irregularly shaped and contained Kupffer cells.

Distinctive immunostaining of claudin-4 in spiradenomas.

The intercellular bridges are essential structures in maintaining the histologic organization of the epithelium, while providing a very efficient way to exchange molecules between cells and transduction of the cell-to-cell and matrix-to-cell signals. Derangement in those important structures' physical integrity and/or function, which can be assessed by the presence or absence of several intercellular bridge proteins including claudin-4, E-cadherin, and β-catenin, was found to be related to several phenomena in the path to the neoplastic transformation. However, these proteins have not been studied in the wide variety of the skin neoplasms, in detail.

Genetic variations of Turkish bank vole, Myodes glareolus (Mammalia: Rodentia) inferred from mtDNA.

The bank vole, Myodes glareolus, lives in deciduous forests throughout the Palearctic region. In Turkey, this species is distributed only in northern Anatolia (the Black Sea region) where these forests exist. This study reveals genetic differentiation among bank vole populations based on two regions of mitochondrial DNA (cytochrome b and D-loop).

Ozone Ameliorates Doxorubicine-Induced Skin Necrosis - results from an animal model.

Doxorubicin (DXR) extravasation result with serious morbidity like skin ulceration and necrosis. The purpose of this study is to determine the protective effects of ozone, olive oil, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and coenzyme Q10 in the treatment of DXR-induced skin ulcers on rats. After an intradermal injection of DXR on a basis of an animal extravasation model, the materials were topically applied.

BCR-PDGFRA fusion in a T lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma.

The BCR-PDGFRA fusion is a very rare event. To date, only eight cases of hematolymphoid neoplasms with the BCR-PDGFRA fusion gene have been reported. All cases except one had eosinophilia.

Nuclear factor-erythroid 2, nerve growth factor receptor, and CD34-microvessel density are differentially expressed in primary myelofibrosis, polycythemia vera, and essential thrombocythemia.

Because of the presence of various overlapping findings, the discrimination of polycythemia vera (PV) from prefibrotic/fibrotic primary myelofibrosis (PF/F-PMF) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) may be challenging, particularly in suboptimal bone marrow biopsy specimens. In this study, we assessed whether differences in the expression of nuclear factor-erythroid 2 (NF-E2), nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR; CD271), CD34, CD68, p53, CD3, CD20, and CD138 by immunohistochemistry could be useful in separating among them. Higher frequencies of nuclear positive erythroblasts with NF-E2 were observed in ET and PV cases (50% ± 13.

Preservative solution for skeletal muscle biopsy samples.

Context: Muscle biopsy samples must be frozen with liquid nitrogen immediately after excision and maintained at -80°C until analysis. Because of this requirement for tissue processing, patients with neuromuscular diseases often have to travel to centers with on-site muscle pathology laboratories for muscle biopsy sample excision to ensure that samples are properly preserved.

Aim: Here, we developed a preservative solution and examined its protectiveness on striated muscle tissues for a minimum of the length of time that would be required to reach a specific muscle pathology laboratory.

Small intestinal lactoferrin and calprotectin levels in different stages of necrotizing enterocolitis in a rat model.

Purpose: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe disease of mostly premature infants with high morbidity and mortality rates. There is no reliable biomarker for detecting newborns at risk for NEC development. We aimed to investigate small intestinal lactoferrin (LF) and calprotectin (CAL) levels as predictors and indicators of disease severity in an experimental newborn rat model.

Bone marrow metastasis of prostatic adenocarcinoma with post-treatment foamy-like changes: A diagnostic pitfall.

Prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma (PAA) is the most common malignant tumour of the male genital system. Hormonal therapy and radiotherapy are widely-used treatment modalities in advanced stage disease. However, with hormonal therapy, the morphology of the neoplastic cells can be altered with a shift towards benign-appearing cells with inconspicuous nucleoli and abundant cytoplasm.

Vas deferens invasion: A neglected issue in the sampling of radical prostatectomy materials.

A radical prostatectomy affects the prostate, bilateral seminal vesicles (SV), and the distal parts of the bilateral vasa deferentia (VD). SV invasion (SVI) is associated with an increased risk of lymph node metastasis and recurrence. However, the significance of VD invasion (VDI), either with or without the involvement of their surgical margins, has not been fully appreciated.

The effect of melatonin on procarbazine induced testicular toxicity on rats.

Procarbazine (P) is an effective chemotherapeutic drug especially used in lymphoma treatment; however testicular toxicity is a limiting factor. Various ways of treatment were tried to preserve testicular function including hormonal treatment, antioxidant treatment, and sperm cryopreservation but resulted with low rates of satisfaction. Procarbazine is a well known agent causing sterility even in the first doses of chemotherapy.

Dermoid cyst of the parotid gland: report of a rare entity with literature review.

Dermoid cysts (DCs)are benign lesions and histologically composed of tissues originating from ectoderm and mesoderm, but not endoderm. Approximately 7 % of all DCs are seen in head and neck area. However, parotid gland is an extremely rare localization in which DCs develop, and only 17 cases have been reported in the literature to date.

Efficiency of MY09/11 consensus PCR in the detection of multiple HPV infections.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing has become an important component of cervical cancer screening programs. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficiency of MY09/11 consensus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of multiple HPV infections. For this purpose, MY09/11 PCR was compared to an original TaqMan-based type-specific real-time PCR assay, which can detect 20 different HPV types.

Coexistence of Epstein-Barr virus and Parvovirus B19 in tonsillar tissue samples: quantitative measurement by real-time PCR.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the presence and copy number of six different viruses in tonsillar tissue samples removed surgically because of chronic recurrent tonsillitis or chronic obstructive tonsillar hypertrophy.

Methods: In total, 56 tissue samples (tonsillar core) collected from 44 children and 12 adults were included in this study. The presence of viruses was investigated using a new TaqMan-based quantitative real-time PCR assay.

Chalkley method in the angiogenesis research and its automation via computer simulation.

The aim of this study was to develop a computer simulation evaluating microvessel density according to the Chalkley method on digital images taken from neovascular hot spots. An image analysis algorithm has been developed using ImageJ, an extensible, open source image processing and analysis software. The idea was to create a virtual Chalkley point array graticule, and to calculate Chalkley counts automatically by stepwise angular rotation of it on the superimposed images containing properly segmented microvessels.