A Nationwide Evaluation of Antibiotic Consumption in Kazakhstan from 2019 to 2023.

Background/objectives: There has been a lack of a holistic approach to evaluating antibiotic consumption in Kazakhstan over the past few years using an internationally recognized methodology. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a nationwide evaluation of antibiotic consumption in Kazakhstan during the period 2019-2023.

Methods: Defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day (DIDs) were calculated for systemic antibiotics (J01 code of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System (ATC)) following the methodology established by the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS-AMC).

Association of preoperative levels of selected blood inflammatory markers with prognosis in gliomas.

Background: Red cell distribution width (RDW), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet count (PLT) routinely tested as part of the complete blood count are indicative of systemic inflammation. The prognostic significance of NLR and PLT in cancer was demonstrated in many studies while the role of RDW has been hardly investigated. The present study aimed to assess the association of RDW, NLR, and PLT with survival and tumor grade in glioma patients.

Brain Tumor in an In Vitro Fertilization-Facilitated Pregnancy: Fourth Ventricle Anaplastic Ependymoma in the Second Trimester.

We present a case of fourth ventricle anaplastic ependymoma in a pregnancy which was the first result of three rounds of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer. Whether hormonal treatment can directly or indirectly precipitate brain tumors to develop or become symptomatic is unclear.

Introduction of Questionnaires for Quality of Life of Patients with Malignant Tumors of the Central Nervous System into Neurosurgical Practice in the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Background: Studies of quality of life (QoL) of oncological patients is carried out using questionnaires approved in many international clinical studies. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer EORTC QLQ-C30 (Quality of Life Questionnary-Core 30) and its special brain cancer module EORTC QLQ-BN20 are widely used in the world neurooncologic practice. They are available in more than 80 official versions of 30 languages of the world.

Malignant tumors of the central nervous system in Kazakhstan: component analysis of incidence dynamics.

The paper presents the incidence rates of malignant tumors of the central nervous system assessed by the component analysis. The data on primary registered cases of malignant tumors of the central nervous system in the country were used as the material of the study for the period from 2004 to 2011. A general trend of increase in the number of patients with malignant tumors of the central nervous system in Kazakhstan was determined and the potential of their increase was evaluated, which can be due to changes in the morbidity risk and age specifics, as well as the increase in population.

One-year survival rate of patients with primary malignant central nervous system tumors after surgery in Kazakhstan.

This study was conducted to evaluate the one-year survival rate of patients with primary malignant central nervous system (CNS) tumors after surgical treatment in Kazakhstan. Retrospective data of patients undergoing operations in the Department of Central Nervous System Pathology in the JSC National Centre for Neurosurgery in the period from 2009 to 2011 were used as the research material. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed with the following information: gender, date of birth, place of residence, diagnosis according to ICD- 10, the date of the operation, the morphological type of tumor, clinical stage, state at the end of the first year of observation, and the date of death.