Evaluating the prognostic value of DECAF score and procalcitonin in patients with COPD exacerbation.

Objectives: Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) frequently result in emergency department (ED) visits, necessitating accurate risk stratification. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the prognostic utility of the DECAF score and serum procalcitonin levels in predicting clinical outcomes in patients with AECOPD.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study encompassed AECOPD patients presenting to the ED over a three-year period who had serum procalcitonin levels measured.

External Validation of Vision, Aphasia and Neglect, Ventura Emergent Large Vessel Occlusion and Large Artery Intracranial Occlusion Screening Tools for Emergent Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke: A Multicenter, Prospective, Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Vision, Aphasia, and Neglect (VAN), Ventura Emergent Large Vessel Occlusion (VES), and Large Artery Intracranial Occlusion (LARIO) are promising stroke screening tools that were shown to have high diagnostic performance to detect Emergent Large Vessel Occlusion (ELVO) in their derivation studies.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the validation of VAN, VES, and LARIO in predicting ELVO among patients presenting at emergency department (ED) triage with suspected acute ischemic stroke.

Methods: This is a prospective multicenter study conducted in five EDs of tertiary stroke centers between June and October 2023.

Prognostic Value of Jugular Venous Diameters and Compliance in Patients with Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations constitute a significant proportion of patients presenting to the emergency department (ED). It has been suggested that measurement of jugular venous diameter and compliance may have prognostic value in patients with heart failure. We hypothesized that these measurements may also be valuable in patients with advanced COPD.

Comparison of dental force applied during endotracheal intubation with hyper-angulated and macintosh-type video laryngoscopy blades used by emergency medicine trainees: A randomized cross-over manikin study.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the effects of Macintosh-type and hyperangulated video laryngoscopy (VL) blades on dental force during endotracheal intubation (ETI) using Glidescope and McGrath VL devices.

Methods: In this randomized, crossover, manikin study conducted at a university emergency medicine (EM) program, 65 EM trainees included interns and residents performed 520 intubations using four different VL blades (GlideScope VL with Macintosh-type Mac T3 and hyperangular Lo Pro T3 blades and McGrath VL Macintosh-type MAC 4 and hyperangular McGrath X3 blades) in normal and difficult airway scenarios. The primary outcome of this study was the dental pressure (Newton) exerted during ETI.

Comparison of Bedside Index for Severity in Acute Pancreatitis and Emergency Department SpO, Age and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Scores in Predicting Severe Acute Pancreatitis in Patients with Acute Pancreatitis in the Emergency Department.

Background: As the mortality of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is significantly higher than those with mild or moderate severity, it is of clinical significance to identify patients most likely to develop SAP at the time of emergency department (ED) presentation.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the performance of the Bedside Index for Severity in Acute Pancreatitis (BISAP) and the Emergency Department SpO, Age and SIRS (ED-SAS) scoring systems as early risk assessment tools for identifying patients at high-risk of developing SAP.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed adult patients with AP presented to ED between January 2019-September 2022.

Adherence to Clinical Practice Guidelines for Non-ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome in the Emergency Department: Exploring the Role of Social, Healthcare-system, and Clinical Determinants.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess adherence to the European Society of Cardiology 2020 non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NST-ACS) guidelines, identify factors affecting this compliance, and explore the link between adherence and adverse cardiac outcomes.

Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary-level academic hospital between January 2022 and January 2023. Patients diagnosed with NST-ACS in the emergency department (ED) were included.

Elderly-onset pulmonary sarcoidosis: A radiological approach to diagnosis.

Background And Aim: The aim was to compare the radiological and clinical characteristics of sarcoidosis between elderly and non-elderly patients.

Methods: This retrospective observational study was carried out in patients with sarcoidosis. Elderly-onset sarcoidosis was defined as sarcoidosis diagnosed in patients ≥65 years-old.

Prognostic value of early warning scores in patients presenting to the emergency department with exacerbation of COPD.

Objective: Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) is a condition that frequently presents to the emergency department (ED) and its prognosis is not very well understood. Risk tools that can be used rapidly in the ED are needed to predict the prognosis of these patients.

Methods: This study comprised a retrospective cohort of AECOPD patients presenting to a single center between 2015 and 2022.

Impact of COVID-19 pneumonia on interstitial lung disease: semi-quantitative evaluation with computed tomography.

Objectives: To evaluate the CT scores and fibrotic pattern changes in interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients, with and without previous COVID-19 pneumonia.

Methods: Patients with ILD (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and connective tissue disease-associated ILD (CTD-ILD)) were retrospectively enrolled in the study which consisted of patients who had COVID-19 pneumonia while the control group had not. All patients had two CT scans, initial and follow-up, which were evaluated semi-quantitatively for severity, extent, and total CT scores, fibrosis patterns, and traction bronchiectasis.

Relationship between clinical anxiety and patient outcomes in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease exacerbation in the emergency department.

Purpose: Anxiety is a comorbidity that is not routinely addressed in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) exacerbation in the emergency department (ED). Anxiety in patients with COPD exacerbation can be related with negative outcomes. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7) score is an easy-to-use tool to determine anxiety.

Comparison of PECARN clinical decision rule and clinician suspicion in predicting intra-abdominal injury in children with blunt torso trauma in the emergency department.

Background: The Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) developed a clinical decision rule to identify children at low risk for intra-abdominal injury requiring acute intervention (IAI-I) for reducing unnecessary radiation exposure of ab-dominal computed tomography (CT) after blunt torso trauma. This study aimed to compare the PECARN decision rule with clinician suspicion in identifying children at low risk of intra-abdominal injuries that an abdominal CT scan can be safely avoided.

Methods: This study is a retrospective review of children with blunt torso trauma in an academic emergency department (ED) between 2011 and 2019.

2021 Guideline for the Management of COPD Exacerbations: Emergency Medicine Association of Turkey (EMAT) / Turkish Thoracic Society (TTS) Clinical Practice Guideline Task Force.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an important public health problem that manifests with exacerbations and causes serious mortality and morbidity in both developed and developing countries. COPD exacerbations usually present to emergency departments, where these patients are diagnosed and treated. Therefore, the Emergency Medicine Association of Turkey and the Turkish Thoracic Society jointly wanted to implement a guideline that evaluates the management of COPD exacerbations according to the current literature and provides evidence-based recommendations.

Performance of qSOFA, SIRS, and the qSOFA + SIRS combinations for predicting 30-day adverse outcomes in patients with suspected infection.

Background: The use of the quick sequential organ failure assessment score (qSOFA) score and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria to identify patients at high risk for adverse outcomes in the emergency department (ED) remains controversial due to their low predictive performance and lack of supporting evidence. This study aimed to determine the predictive performance of qSOFA, SIRS, and the qSOFA + SIRS combinations for adverse outcomes.

Methods: All adult patients admitted to the ED with suspected infection were prospectively included.

Predictors of prolonged hospitalization in patients with mild and moderate pancreatitis presenting to the emergency department.

Background: Patients with acute pancreatitis often present to the emergency department (ED) and usually require hospital admission. The aim of this study was to determine predictors of prolonged hospital stays in patients with mild forms of acute pancreatitis.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in patients diagnosed in the ED with mild and moderate acute pancreatitis according to the revised Atlanta classification.

Use of noninvasive volume assessment methods to predict acute blood loss in spontaneously breathing volunteers.

Objective: The use of noninvasive volume assessment methods to predict acute blood loss in spontaneously breathing patients remains unclear. We aimed to investigate changes in the pleth variability index (PVI), vena cava collapsibility index (VCCI), end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2), pulse pressure (PP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in spontaneously breathing volunteers after acute loss of 450 mL blood and passive leg raise (PLR).

Methods: This prospective observational study enrolled healthy volunteers in the blood donation center of an academic hospital.

Reliability of chest pain risk scores in cancer patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome.

Objective: The history, electrocardiogram, age, risk factors, troponin (HEART), the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI), and Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) scores are useful risk stratification tools in the emergency department (ED). However, the accuracy of these scores in the cancer population is not well known. This study aimed to compare the performance of cardiac risk stratification scores in cancer patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in the ED.

Clinical characteristics of neutrophilic, eosinophilic and mixed-type exacerbation phenotypes of COPD.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) comprises a significant number of emergency department (ED) presentations, and hematological phenotypes may have prognostic significance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hematological phenotypes on serious outcomes in COPD exacerbations.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was carried out in patients with COPD exacerbation presenting to the ED.

A randomized controlled trial of the effects of local tranexamic acid on mortality, rebleeding, and recurrent endoscopy need in patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

Objective: Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic agent used to control bleeding in different circumstances. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy and safety of locally administered TXA in upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

Methods: This single-center, double-blind, randomized controlled trial was performed in a tertiary emergency department (ED) in patients presenting with upper gastrointestinal bleeding symptoms between 2016 and 2018.

Role of Electrocardiographic Manifestations in Admission Decision in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbation.

Objective: To determine the ECG manifestations of COPD exacerbations and their roles in the decision making process in admission.

Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Emergency Department (ED) of Kocaeli University, Turkey, from November 2016 to December 2017.