Baby walkers: a perspective from Turkey.

Aim: To determine in an urban population in Turkey, the frequency of baby walker (BW) use, beliefs and attitudes of mothers regarding BWs, frequency of BW-related injuries and whether families receive counselling from their paediatricians about BWs or not.

Methods: Children aged 2 months to 5 years who attended the well-child care clinics of Fatih University Hospital in Ankara comprised the sample. A semi-structured questionnaire was verbally administered.

Effect of hypercholesterolemia on inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in a rat model of elevated intraocular pressure.

Purpose: This study was performed to examine the effect of hypercholesterolemia on inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS-2) expression and oxidative tissue injury in an experimental rat model of elevated IOP.

Methods: Wistar rats were maintained on either regular chow or a high-cholesterol diet for 24 weeks. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was elevated in hypercholesterolemic rats by unilaterally cauterizing three episcleral vessels.

p27 Labeling index and proliferation in gastrointestinal stromal tumors: correlations with clinicopathologic factors and recurrence.

Background: Low expression of p27, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, has recently been reported to be associated with poor prognosis of many tumors. Moreover, an inverse relationship between p27 expression and proliferation was also noted. Although accumulating data indicate a correlation between high proliferation rate and aggressive behavior of gastrointestinal stromal tumors, no conclusive correlation between p27 expression and either tumor recurrence or proliferation has been established yet in this disease.

Expression of heat-shock proteins hsp27, hsp70 and hsp90 in malignant epithelial tumour of the ovaries.

Recently, considerable attention has been focused on the role of the small heat-shock protein group hsp27, hsp70 and hsp90 in the clinical outcome of several malignancies. However, conflicting data exist regarding the prognostic role of hsp27 expression in ovarian carcinoma, and the prognostic significance of hsp70 and hsp90 expression still remains unknown in these tumours. The purpose of this study was to investigate immunohistochemically whether hsp27, hsp70 and hsp90 expression was associated with clinicopathological parameters and survival in 52 epithelial ovarian carcinomas.

Clinicopathologic evaluation of CDw75 antigen expression in colorectal adenocarcinomas.

CDw75, a B lymphocyte surface antigen, is a sialylated carbohydrate epitope, which is generated by the enzyme beta galactosyl alpha 2,6 sialyltransferase (Sia-T1). In colon carcinomas, although higher levels of Sia-T1 has been described and found to be correlated with metastatic potential of tumor cells, the expression of CDw75 antigen still remains unknown. To address this issue, we investigated immunohistochemically CDw75 antigen expression in 195 colorectal adenocarcinomas and their nodal metastases.