Photocatalytic performance improvement by utilizing GO_MWCNTs hybrid solution on sand/ZnO/TiO-based photocatalysts to degrade methylene blue dye.

In this work, sand/zinc oxide (ZnO)/titanium dioxide (TiO)-based photocatalysts were hybridized with graphene oxide (GO) and GO_multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) hybrid solution. The novel hybrid was then used in photocatalysis to degrade dye contamination. The nanocomposite photocatalyst was initially fabricated by growing ZnO nanorods (NRs) via sol-gel immersion followed by synthesizing TiO NRs for different times (5 and 20 h) using a hydrothermal method on sand as a substrate.