The global population growth is driving the need for sustainable energy sources like bioethanol, but traditional methods threaten food supplies, making them less viable.
New technologies and low-cost raw materials are essential to make bioethanol production more economically feasible compared to first-generation methods.
Solid-state fermentation (SSF) offers a promising solution by using microorganisms on solid substrates, which improves efficiency, reduces waste, and eliminates the need for sugar extraction in bioethanol production.