Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanostructures on Graphene/Glass Substrate via Electrochemical Deposition: Effects of Potassium Chloride and Hexamethylenetetramine as Supporting Reagents.

The effects of the supporting reagents hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) and potassium chloride (KCl) mixed in zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn(NO)·6HO) on the morphological, structural, and optical properties of the resulting ZnO nanostructures electrodeposited on graphene/glass substrates were investigated. The supporting reagent HMTA does not increase the density of nanorods, but it does remarkably improve the smoothness of the top edge surfaces and the hexagonal shape of the nanorods even at a low temperature of 75 °C. Hydroxyl (OH) ions from the HMTA suppress the sidewall growth of non-polar planes and promote the growth of ZnO on the polar plane to produce vertically aligned nanorods along the axis.

Synthesis of zinc oxide nanostructures on graphene/glass substrate by electrochemical deposition: effects of current density and temperature.

The electrochemical growth of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures on graphene on glass using zinc nitrate hexahydrate was studied. The effects of current densities and temperatures on the morphological, structural, and optical properties of the ZnO structures were studied. Vertically aligned nanorods were obtained at a low temperature of 75°C, and the diameters increased with current density.