Nonlinear Thomson scattering: velocity asymmetry inherent in electron figure-8 motion.

The individual polarization components of nonlinear Thomson scattering arise from the separate dimensions of electron figure-8 motion caused by a linearly polarized laser field. We present the first measurements of nonlinear Thomson scattering in both emission hemispheres. In the electron average rest frame, the shape of the electron figure-8 path is symmetric about the laser polarization dimension.

Global mycorrhizal plant distribution linked to terrestrial carbon stocks.

Vegetation impacts on ecosystem functioning are mediated by mycorrhizas, plant-fungal associations formed by most plant species. Ecosystems dominated by distinct mycorrhizal types differ strongly in their biogeochemistry. Quantitative analyses of mycorrhizal impacts on ecosystem functioning are hindered by the scarcity of information on mycorrhizal distributions.

Towards a 'Sea-Level Sensitive' dynamic model: impact of island ontogeny and glacio-eustasy on global patterns of marine island biogeography.

A synthetic model is presented to enlarge the evolutionary framework of the General Dynamic Model (GDM) and the Glacial Sensitive Model (GSM) of oceanic island biogeography from the terrestrial to the marine realm. The proposed 'Sea-Level Sensitive' dynamic model (SLS) of marine island biogeography integrates historical and ecological biogeography with patterns of glacio-eustasy, merging concepts from areas as diverse as taxonomy, biogeography, marine biology, volcanology, sedimentology, stratigraphy, palaeontology, geochronology and geomorphology. Fundamental to the SLS model is the dynamic variation of the littoral area of volcanic oceanic islands (defined as the area between the intertidal and the 50-m isobath) in response to sea-level oscillations driven by glacial-interglacial cycles.

Mapping the Flowering of an Invasive Plant Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Is There Potential for Biocontrol Monitoring?

Invasion by alien species is a worldwide phenomenon with negative consequences at both natural and production areas. is an invasive shrub/small tree well known for its negative ecological impacts in several places around the world. The recent introduction of a biocontrol agent (), an Australian bud-galling wasp which decreases flowering of , in Portugal, demands the development of a cost-efficient method to monitor its establishment.

Spontaneous pneumothorax: a 5-year experience.

Background: Spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) is defined by the presence of air in the pleural space without history of trauma. It is classified as secondary if coexisting with underlying pulmonary disease. Its an entity with considerable incidence and treatment particularities which give reason for a reflection on the subject.