The landscape of primary mismatch repair deficient gliomas in children, adolescents, and young adults: a multi-cohort study.

Background: Gliomas are a major cause of cancer-related death among children, adolescents, and young adults (age 0-40 years). Primary mismatch repair deficiency (MMRD) is a pan-cancer mechanism with unique biology and therapeutic opportunities. We aimed to determine the extent and impact of primary MMRD in gliomas among children, adolescents, and young adults.

DNA mismatch and damage patterns revealed by single-molecule sequencing.

Mutations accumulate in the genome of every cell of the body throughout life, causing cancer and other diseases. Most mutations begin as nucleotide mismatches or damage in one of the two strands of the DNA before becoming double-strand mutations if unrepaired or misrepaired. However, current DNA-sequencing technologies cannot accurately resolve these initial single-strand events.

Optimal 2D audio features estimation for a lightweight application in mosquitoes species: Ecoacoustics detection and classification purposes.

Mosquitoes are the vector of diseases that kill more than one million people per year worldwide. Surveillance systems are essential for understanding their complex ecology and behaviour. This is fundamental for predicting disease risk caused by mosquitoes and formulating effective control strategies against mosquito-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue, and Zika.

Monitoring Sensors for Urban Air Quality: The Case of the Municipality of Lisbon.

Air pollution is a global issue that impacts environmental inequalities, and air quality sensors can have a decisive role in city policymaking for future cities. Science and society are already aware that during the most challenging times of COVID-19, the levels of air pollution in cities decreased, especially during lockdowns, when road traffic was reduced. Several pollution parameters can be used to analyse cities' environmental challenges, and it is more pressing than ever to have city climate decisions supported by sensor data.

Using passive Wi-Fi for community crowd sensing during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Sensing passersby and detecting crowded locations is a growing area of research and development in the last decades. The COVID-19 pandemic compelled authorities and public and private institutions to monitor access and occupancy of crowded spaces. This work addresses the detection of crowds in points of interest (POI) by using a territory grid analysis categorizing POIs by the services available in each location and comparing data gathered from a community passive Wi-Fi infrastructure against mobile cellular tower association data from telecom companies.

Encapsulation with Natural Polymers to Improve the Properties of Biostimulants in Agriculture.

Encapsulation in agriculture today is practically focused on agrochemicals such as pesticides, herbicides, fungicides, or fertilizers to enhance the protective or nutritive aspects of the entrapped active ingredients. However, one of the most promising and environmentally friendly technologies, biostimulants, is hardly explored in this field. Encapsulation of biostimulants could indeed be an excellent means of counteracting the problems posed by their nature: they are easily biodegradable, and most of them run off through the soil, losing most of the compounds, thus becoming inaccessible to plants.

THOR is a targetable epigenetic biomarker with clinical implications in breast cancer.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and a leading cause of death among women worldwide. Early BC is potentially curable, but the mortality rates still observed among BC patients demonstrate the urgent need of novel and more effective diagnostic and therapeutic options. Limitless self-renewal is a hallmark of cancer, governed by telomere maintenance.

A Low-Cost Multi-Purpose IoT Sensor for Biologging and Soundscape Activities.

The rapid expansion in miniaturization, usability, energy efficiency, and affordability of Internet of Things (IoT) sensors, integrated with innovations in smart capability, is greatly increasing opportunities in ground-level monitoring of ecosystems at a specific scale using sensor grids. Surrounding sound is a powerful data source for investigating urban and non-urban ecosystem health, and researchers commonly use robust but expensive passive sensors as monitoring equipment to capture it. This paper comprehensively describes the hardware behind our low-cost, small multipurpose prototype, capable of monitoring different environments (e.

A Data-Centric Analysis of the Impact of Non-Electric Data on the Performance of Load Disaggregation Algorithms.

Recent research on non-intrusive load monitoring, or load disaggregation, suggests that the performance of algorithms can be affected by factors beyond energy data. In particular, by incorporating non-electric data in load disaggregation analysis, such as building and consumer characteristics, the estimation accuracy of consumption data may be improved. However, this association has rarely been explored in the literature.

Modeling Adoption, Security, and Privacy of COVID-19 Apps: Findings and Recommendations From an Empirical Study Using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology.

Background: The global health crisis caused by COVID-19 has drastically changed human society in a relatively short time. However, this crisis has offered insights into the different roles that such a worldwide virus plays in the lives of people and how those have been affected, as well as eventually proposing new solutions. From the beginning of the pandemic, technology solutions have featured prominently in virus control and in the frame of reference for international travel, especially contact tracing and passenger locator applications.

BreastScreening-AI: Evaluating medical intelligent agents for human-AI interactions.

In this paper, we developed BreastScreening-AI within two scenarios for the classification of multimodal beast images: (1) Clinician-Only; and (2) Clinician-AI. The novelty relies on the introduction of a deep learning method into a real clinical workflow for medical imaging diagnosis. We attempt to address three high-level goals in the two above scenarios.

Dual role of allele-specific DNA hypermethylation within the TERT promoter in cancer.

Aberrant activation of telomerase in human cancer is achieved by various alterations within the TERT promoter, including cancer-specific DNA hypermethylation of the TERT hypermethylated oncological region (THOR). However, the impact of allele-specific DNA methylation within the TERT promoter on gene transcription remains incompletely understood. Using allele-specific next-generation sequencing, we screened a large cohort of normal and tumor tissues (n = 652) from 10 cancer types and identified that differential allelic methylation (DAM) of THOR is restricted to cancerous tissue and commonly observed in major cancer types.

GRUPUGE PERSPECTIVE: Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Biliary Drainage.

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) is an alternative to percutaneous and surgical drainage in bile duct obstruction when endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography fails. EUS-BD can be achieved with several techniques, including EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy (HGS), anterograde transpapillary stent placement, choledochoduodenostomy (CDS), and rendez-vous technique. Lately, with increased experience and development of directed equipment, elevated technical and clinical success as well of lower adverse event rates have been reported.

GRUPUGE Perspective: Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Tattooing and Fiducial Placement in Pancreatic Cancer.

In the last 2 decades, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has become an important procedure for the diagnosis and management of several pancreatic diseases, including pancreatic cancer. This article presents two recently developed EUS-guided techniques for the management of pancreatic cancer: fine-needle tattooing and fiducial placement. Preoperative EUS-guided fine-needle tattooing of small pancreatic tumors helps in precise localization of these lesions during surgery, potentially ensuring adequate margins of resection while preserving healthy pancreatic tissue.