Recent methods and biosensors for foodborne pathogen detection in fish: progress and future prospects to sustainable aquaculture systems.

The aquaculture industry has advanced toward sustainable recirculating systems, in where parameters of food quality are strictly monitored. Despite that, as in the case of conventional aquaculture practices, the recirculating systems also suffer threats from spp., spp.

Design and characterisation of a graphene-based FET for ultrasensitive detection of clinical biomarkers.

The high demand for point-of-care devices for the convenient detection and follow-up of chronic diseases is posing demands to the development of novel low-cost sensors. The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most worldwide spread diseases, due to cigarette smoking and air pollution. Owing to the unstable and spontaneous characteristics of this disease is essential to have a sensitive, rapid, and easy-to-use device for the detection of diseases biomarkers.

A Fluorescence Sensing Method with Reduced DNA Typing and Low-Cost Instrumentation for Detection of Sample Tampering Cases in Urinalysis.

This work presents a method to unequivocally detect urine sample tampering in cases where integrity of the sample needs to be verified prior to urinalysis. The technique involves the detection of distinct patterns of a triplex short tandem repeats system in DNA extracted from human urine. The analysis is realized with single-dye fluorescence detection and using a regular smartphone camera.

A fluorimetric nitrite biosensor with polythienothiophene-fullerene thin film detectors for on-site water monitoring.

A novel fluorimetric sensor for highly sensitive nitrite detection on the site is presented in this study. The proposed on-chip approach comprises the use of integrated polymer photodetectors to detect light from fluorescence reactions with a diaminofluorescein probe. The detectors were prepared with a heterostructured nanofilm of polythieno[3,4-b]thiophene/benzodithiophene and (6,6)-phenyl-C-butyric-acid methyl-ester as a photoactive layer.

The Role of Temperature, Ammonia and Nitrite to bioluminescence of Aliivibrio fischeri: towards a new sensor for aquaculture.

Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) present an innovative, clean and practical way of producing fish intensively. Stress caused by high concentrations of chemical species such as nitrite and un-ionized ammonia, affects fish health and growth and therefore the sustainability of RAS would require an online monitoring for those chemical stressors. This work reveals a study on the suitability of Aliivibrio fischeri as a toxicity sensor for un-ionized ammonia and nitrite.

Monitoring Aquaculture Water Quality: Design of an Early Warning Sensor with and Predictive Models.

A novel toxicity-warning sensor for water quality monitoring in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) is presented. The design of the sensor system mainly comprises a whole-cell biosensor. , a luminescent bacterium widely used in toxicity analysis, was tested for a mixture of known fish-health stressors, namely nitrite, un-ionized ammonia, copper, aluminum and zinc.

Profiling a multiplex short tandem repeat loci from human urine with use of low cost on-site technology for verification of sample authenticity.

This work focuses on the development of a sophisticated technique via STR typing to unequivocally verify the authenticity of urine samples before sent to laboratories. STR profiling was conducted with the CSF1PO, TPOX, TH01 Multiplex System coupled with a smartphone-based detection method. The promising capability of the method to identify distinct STR profiles from urine of different persons opens the possibility to conduct sample authenticity tests.

Immunodetection of salivary biomarkers by an optical microfluidic biosensor with polyethylenimine-modified polythiophene-C organic photodetectors.

This work reports a novel optical microfluidic biosensor with highly sensitive organic photodetectors (OPDs) for absorbance-based detection of salivary protein biomarkers at the point of care. The compact and miniaturized biosensor has comprised OPDs made of polythiophene-C bulk heterojunction for the photoactive layer; whilst a calcium-free cathode interfacial layer, made of linear polyethylenimine, was incorporated to the photodetectors to enhance the low cost. The OPDs realized onto a glass chip were aligned to antibody-functionalized chambers of a poly(methyl methacrylate) microfluidic chip, in where immunogold-silver assays were conducted.

Highly sensitive detection of human cancer antigens by an immunogold-silver assay chip coupled with a polythiophene-based optical sensor.

This work presents a novel method for protein or cancer antigen detection in clinical samples by an immunogold-silver assay microfluidic biochip coupled with a polythiophene-based organic photodetector. The method has showed a detection limit below 1ng/mL and the low cost and high sensitivity of both organic photodetector and immunogold-silver assay make this method amenable for realization in a portable handheld probe tip biosensor.

Recent developments in optical detection technologies in lab-on-a-chip devices for biosensing applications.

The field of microfluidics has yet to develop practical devices that provide real clinical value. One of the main reasons for this is the difficulty in realizing low-cost, sensitive, reproducible, and portable analyte detection microfluidic systems. Previous research has addressed two main approaches for the detection technologies in lab-on-a-chip devices: (a) study of the compatibility of conventional instrumentation with microfluidic structures, and (b) integration of innovative sensors contained within the microfluidic system.

A cascade-like silicon filter for improved recovery of oocysts from environmental waters.

Standard filtration methods have been characterized by poor recoveries when processing large-volume samples of environmental water. A method to pre-remove particulates present in turbid waters would be necessary to enhance recovery of protozoan oocysts. Particulate separation can be achieved by the proposed multiplex particle refining (MPR) system.

Ultrasensitive opto-microfluidic immunosensor integrating gold nanoparticle-enhanced chemiluminescence and highly stable organic photodetector.

The expensive fabrication of current opto-microfluidic sensors is a barrier to the successful adoption of these devices in point-of-care testing. This work reports a simple inexpensive opto-microfluidic device incorporating a poly(dimethylsiloxane)-glass hybrid microfluidic chip modified with gold nanoparticles and a high-detectivity, high-stability organic photodetector. The enhancing effect of the gold nanoparticles on horseradish peroxidase-luminol-H2O2 chemiluminescence was exploited in rapid single-analyte immunoassays.

Recovery of Cryptosporidium and Giardia organisms from surface water by counter-flow refining microfiltration.

As waterborne parasitic cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis outbreaks continue globally, monitoring of Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia in surface water continues to be challenging. Lack of non-clogging and high-efficiency methods for recovery of C. parvum oocysts and G.

Detection of stress hormones by a microfluidic-integrated polycarbazole/fullerene photodetector.

A novel photodetector integrated microfluidic system for chemiluminescence (CL) detection is reported. The system incorporates a polycarbazole/fullerene photodiode whose optical characteristics (i.e.

Polycarbazole-based organic photodiodes for highly sensitive chemiluminescent immunoassays.

It is reported the development of a polycarbazole-based organic photodetector for chemiluminescent immunoassays. The optical detector comprised a 1∶4 blend by weight of poly [N-9'-heptadecanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt-5,5-(4',7'-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole)] (PCDTBT) and [6,6]-phenyl C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC70BM). Optimization of the photodetector design was conducted aiming to maximize photosensitivity and reduce the background level.

Integrated optical microfluidic biosensor using a polycarbazole photodetector for point-of-care detection of hormonal compounds.

A picogram-sensitive optical microfluidic biosensor using an integrated polycarbazole photodiode is developed. The photodetector is mainly composed of the blend heterojunction of poly [N-9'-heptadecanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt-5,5-(4',7'-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole)] (PCDTBT) and [6,6]-phenyl C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC70BM) and the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) as the hole transport layer. Analyte detection is accomplished via a chemiluminescent immunoassay performed in a poly(dimethylsiloxane)-gold-glass hybrid microchip, on which antibodies were immobilized and chemiluminescent horseradish peroxidase-luminol-peroxide reactions were generated.

An infrared radiation based thermal biosensor for enzymatic biochemical reactions.

In this paper, a thermal biosensor based on the infrared radiation energy is proposed for calorimetric measurement of biochemical reactions. Having a good structure design combined with MEMS technology as well as employing the Si /SiGe quantum well sensing material with a high TCR and low 1/f noise, the sensor shows potentials to be high sensitive and real-time. The urea enzymatic reaction was tested to verify the performance of sensor, which demonstrates a linear detection range from 0.

WITHDRAWN: Multiplex particle refining system to enhance Cryptosporidium recovery for surface water filtration methods.

The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of an article that has already been published, http://dx.org/doi:10.1016/j.

6-mercaptopurine inhibits atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein e*3-leiden transgenic mice through atheroprotective actions on monocytes and macrophages.

Objective: 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP), the active metabolite of the immunosuppressive prodrug azathioprine, is commonly used in autoimmune diseases and transplant recipients, who are at high risk for cardiovascular disease. Here, we aimed to gain knowledge on the action of 6-MP in atherosclerosis, with a focus on monocytes and macrophages.

Methods And Results: We demonstrate that 6-MP induces apoptosis of THP-1 monocytes, involving decreased expression of the intrinsic antiapoptotic factors B-cell CLL/Lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl2-like 1 (Bcl-x(L)).

Vitamin D receptor: a new risk marker for clinical restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention.

Objective: Restenosis is the main drawback of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Inherited factors may explain part of the risk of restenosis. Recently, the vitamin D receptor (VDR) has been shown to be involved not only in bone metabolism but also in modulating immune responses and cell proliferation.

The influence of established genetic variation in the haemostatic system on clinical restenosis after percutaneous coronary interventions.

Since activation of the haemostatic system is an important feature of the wound healing response triggered by arterial injury, variations in genes involved in thrombus formation may play a role in restenosis after percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). Therefore, our aim was to examine the relationship between polymorphisms that are known to play a role in the haemostatic system and the risk of clinical restenosis in the GENetic DEterminants of Restenosis (GENDER) study, a multicenter prospective study design that enrolled 3,104 consecutive patients after successful PCI. Target vessel revascularization (TVR) was the primary endpoint.

Apolipoprotein C-I is crucially involved in lipopolysaccharide-induced atherosclerosis development in apolipoprotein E-knockout mice.

Background: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is released from gram-negative bacteria on multiplication or lysis, aggravates atherosclerosis in humans and rodents by inducing inflammation via toll-like receptors. Because apolipoprotein C-I (apoCI) enhances the LPS-induced inflammatory response in macrophages in vitro and in mice, we investigated the effect of endogenous apoCI expression on LPS-induced atherosclerosis in mice.

Methods And Results: Twelve-week-old apoe-/- apoc1-/- and apoe-/- apoc1+/+ mice received weekly intraperitoneal injections of LPS (50 microg) or vehicle for a period of 10 weeks, and atherosclerosis development was assessed in the aortic root.

Sirolimus and paclitaxel provoke different vascular pathological responses after local delivery in a murine model for restenosis on underlying atherosclerotic arteries.

Background: Drug-eluting stents (DES) have been introduced successfully in clinical practice to prevent post-angioplasty restenosis. Nevertheless, concerns about the safety of DES still exist.

Objective: To investigate the vascular pathology and transcriptional responses to sirolimus and paclitaxel in a murine model for restenosis on underlying diseased atherosclerotic arteries.

Activation of nuclear receptor Nur77 by 6-mercaptopurine protects against neointima formation.

Background: Restenosis is a common complication after percutaneous coronary interventions and is characterized by excessive proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). We have shown that the nuclear receptor Nur77 protects against SMC-rich lesion formation, and it has been demonstrated that 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) enhances Nur77 activity. We hypothesized that 6-MP inhibits neointima formation through activation of Nur77.

Inhibition of neointima formation by local delivery of estrogen receptor alpha and beta specific agonists.

Objective: Neointima formation is the underlying mechanism of (in-stent) restenosis. 17beta-Estradiol (E2) is known to inhibit injury-induced neointima formation and post-angioplasty restenosis. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) has been demonstrated to mediate E2 anti-restenotic properties.